白云鄂博铌精矿原位生成NbC制备铁基复合材料的机理研究

针对白云鄂博铌精矿利用不均衡的特点与现状，提出了以高温冶金原位生成体系为基础，引入电磁作用，开发共伴生矿产资源制备复合材料的技术路线，以白云鄂博铌精矿为原料，依据铌氧化物被碳还原时优先生成NbC而不是金属铌并以固态颗粒形式存在的特点，原位生成冶金理论与电磁理论相结合，建立共生金属矿产资源制备复合材料的原创性技术原型。原位生成的NbC作为增强颗粒能够改善铁基复合材料的性能，简化现有工艺流程，实现铌的高效利用，从根本上解决了传统生产工艺为了提高渣铁分离效率而避免生成碳化铌的固有理论局限。通过对铌精矿还原过程反应界面物质迁移规律、磁场作用下的渣铁分离机制及铁基复合材料半固态浆料制备过程的变化规律研究，实现白云鄂博铌精矿矿中金属铁资源高效分离和铌资源高效利用的双重目标，为白云鄂博铌精矿物资源高效综合利用的现代冶金技术开发提供理论基础。

With regard to the characteristics and actualities of imbalanced utilization of Bayan Obo Niobium concentrate, this project is based on the high temperature metallurgy in-situ formation system，developing a technical route for the composite preparation from intergrowth minerals under electromagnetic field. The NbC will be preferred formed instead of metallic Nb during carbothermal reduction of niobium oxides by using of Bayan Obo niobium concentrate, which is existed as solid particles. In combination of in-situ formation metallurgical theory and electromagnetic theory, original technology process of composites preparation which is based on intergrowth minerals will be established.In-situ formed NbC as reinforced particles can improve the properties of iron matrix composites, simplify process and realize high-efficiency utilization of niobium. Furthermore, the inherent theory limitation of NbC formation will be fundamentally broken is avoided, which caused by the increase of slag-iron separation efficiency. The research on matter reaction interface transfer law during the reduction of niobium concentrate, slag-iron separation mechanism under applied magnetic field and the change law of iron matrix composites is obtained by semi-solid slurry preparation will be performed to lay the theory foundation for clean. The project has double tasks: effective separation of iron and efficient utilization of niobium. The implement of the project provides a theory foundation for the development of modern metallurgical methods about efficient synthetically utilization of Bayan Obo niobium concentrate.