磁控针状智能表面微小油滴的界面行为及定向输运机理

石油化工、食品和机械制造等行业产生的含油污水对生态、环境和人类健康构成了严重威胁。常见的油水分离装置难以清除微小油滴；而小孔径材料在油水分离过程中易被堵塞，分离效率和速率低下；传统的滤膜难以自适应环境需要调控油滴的输运方向。带着这种思考，申请人发现小水珠会在仙人掌针状微柱表面吸附、聚集、定向移动，因此，基于仿生学原理，借鉴生物结构控制水珠的方式，开发在水/油/固三相中控制油滴定向输运的仿生仙人掌表面。以吸附、聚集微小油滴和智能调控油滴输运方向为目标，构筑一种磁控针状智能表面。重点研究表面的构建机理，微小油滴的界面行为，磁场调控与润湿梯度的内在联系，润湿梯度对油滴输运的影响机理，模拟油滴的聚集和输运等基础科学问题，取得理论与技术创新，实现微小油滴的聚集和定向移动，开发新型的智能仿生油水分离技术。申请者从过去油水分离和液滴定向输运研究中积累了经验，为本项目的实施提供了坚实的基础和保障。

The oil-polluted water produced by petrochemical, food and machinery manufacturing industries poses a serious threat to the ecology, environment and human health. Common oil-water separation devices were difficult to remove tiny oil droplets, while materials with small pores were easy to be blocked in the process of oil-water separation, and the separation efficiency and rate were low; the traditional filter membrane was difficult to adapt to the environment to regulate the transport direction of oil droplets. With this kind of thinking, the applicant discovered that tiny water droplets will be adsorbed, gathered and directionally moved on the surface of cactus needles. Therefore, based on the principle of bionics and the way of biological structure controlling water droplets, the bionic cactus surface that controls the directional transport of oil droplets in the three phases of water / oil / solid is developed. In order to absorb and gather tiny oil droplets and control the direction of oil droplets transport intelligently, a magnetic controlled needle like intelligent surface is constructed. The research focuses on the basic scientific issues such as the construction mechanism of needle like surface, the interface behavior of tiny oil droplets, the internal relationship between magnetic field regulation and wettability gradient, the influence mechanism of wettability gradient on oil droplets transport, and the simulation of oil droplets gathering and transport behaviors and so on. Obtaining theoretical and technological innovation, realizing the gathering and directional movement and of tiny oil droplets, and developing new intelligent bionic oil-water separation technology. The applicant has accumulated experience from the past research on oil-water separation and droplet directional transport, which provides a solid foundation and guarantee for the implementation of the project.