PKA-MPF途径调控家蚕非减数分裂孤雌生殖的分子机制研究

现行家蚕育种中，面临着周期长和杂种优势利用不足等问题。为解决这些难题，选育全雌性品系成为重要举措。前期研究发现，家蚕未受精卵通过温汤处理（46℃，18min）可以诱导非减数分裂孤雌生殖（ameiotic parthenogenesis，AMP），其后代全为雌性且基因型完全一致，因此在遗传学和育种领域具有很高的利用价值。本项目组成员通过多年研究和选育，利用该方法成功构建了73个高发生率和高孵化率的稳定家蚕非减数分裂孤雌生殖系。对家蚕有性生殖系及对应温汤诱导孤雌生殖系的未受精卵进行转录组测序，发现PKA-MPF途径关键基因在两个品系中存在显著表达差异。因此，本项目拟通过探究PKA-MPF途径关键基因的功能，明确该途径在孤雌生殖中的调控作用并勾勒作用网络。解析PKA-MPF途径调控孤雌生殖的分子机理，不仅可以更好的认识昆虫孤雌生殖的调控过程，也可以为高效的家蚕分子育种提供理论指导和基因靶点。

There are some problems in silkworm, Bombyx mori breeding, such as long cycle and insufficient utilization of heterosis. In order to solve these problems, all-female lines breeding has become an important measure. It has been found that the unfertilized eggs of silkworm treated with warm broth (46℃, 18min) can induce ameiotic parthenogenesis (AMP), and the progeny are all female and the genotype is identical. Therefore, it has a high value in the field of genetics and breeding. After years of researching and breeding, we have successfully constructed 73 stable ameiotic parthenogenetic lines of silkworm varieties with high incidence and high hatching rate. Transcriptome sequencing of unfertilized eggs from the sexual and parthenogenetic lines of silkworm showed that the key genes of PKA-MPF pathway were differentially expressed in the sexual and parthenogenetic lines. Therefore, this project intends to explore the functions of key genes in the PKA-MPF pathway. To identify the role of the pathway in parthenogenesis and to outline the interaction network. It can not only better understand the control process of insect parthenogenesis, but also provide theoretical guidance and gene targets for efficient molecular breeding of silkworm.