针对生物基可降解聚羟基脂肪酸酯(PHA)推广使用中面临的易燃问题，合成一种新型超分子膨胀阻燃剂，和粉煤灰改性分子筛协效剂一起制备阻燃PHA复合材料。首先将生物基来源的壳聚糖(CS)作为膨胀阻燃剂炭源，与酸源—多聚磷酸(PPA) 通过多层分子组装共同负载在由气源—三聚氰胺(MEL)自组装制备纳米棒状分子表面，实现气源/酸源/炭源一体化结构设计，制备过程仅使用水/乙醇为溶剂，确保了工艺绿色环保；其次利用回收的工业废弃物粉煤灰，通过高温煅烧转变为分子筛结构，再实现表面酸化和金属离子负载，制备阻燃协效剂。通过熔融共混制备综合性能优良的PHA阻燃复合材料；最后通过对阻燃剂结构多层次表征和制备过程的精准控制，建立结构与性能关系，优化阻燃剂和阻燃材料的制备工艺，确定新型一体化膨胀阻燃剂/阻燃协效剂的最佳配比，搭建酸性位点/金属离子负载量等因素与阻燃效率/降解路径的定量关系，从分子反应角度探究阻燃机理。

A novel intumescent flame retardant (IFR) containing acid source (Polyphosphoric acid, PPA)/ gas source (Melamine, MEL)/ carbon source (Chitosan, CS) will be prepared by supramolecular reactions. MEL-based nanorods were firstly prepared by π-π stacking and ionic bonding between p-aminobenzene sulfonic acid (ASC) and MEL, and then PPA and CS is doped on the surface of MEL-based nanorods by layer-by-layer self-assembly. The structure and properties of final product will be characterized in detail. The optimized synthesis condition will be chosen to ensure the optimal flame retardant efficacy and compatibility with polymer matrix. In order to ensure the preparation to be safe and environmental friendly, only H2O/ethanol are selected as solvent in the process. Fly ash is a kind of industrial waste which should be considered to be reused after some functional modification. In this work zeolite is fabricated from fly ash and then Lewis acid sites and metal ions are loaded. The modified zeolite will be used as synergistic flame retardant. The relationship between content of Lewis acid sites/metal ions and flame retardant efficiency will be set up quantificationally. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) is a kind of microbial and biodegradable polymer. In the past years, based on synthetic biology, the yield of PHA increased and then its production cost reduced sharply, making it more economically competitive. Then functional modification on PHA becomes necessary. In this work fire resistant PHA will be developed based on novel flame retardant. The relationship between the supermolecular IFR and the fire performance/mechanical properties will be investigated, and its flame retardant mechanism will be proposed.