亲代有氧运动促进子代心脏健康：骨骼肌BCAA分解代谢在其中的作用及机制

通常认为运动裨益心血管健康主要为短期效应。近期我们发现运动（12周游泳）能够增强子代心肌抗损伤能力，提示有氧运动促进子代心脏健康。通过检测长期有氧运动人体和小鼠血浆代谢组发现运动显著增加以支链氨基酸（BCAA）为代表的氨基酸水平，且其变化比其它代谢物更显著。BCAA占人体氨基酸摄入量的40%，为机体能量代谢的重要底物。运动增加亲代骨骼肌、心肌等BCAA分解代谢，而子代中仅骨骼肌的BCAA分解代谢增加。抑制骨骼肌BCAA分解代谢（骨骼肌特异性PP2Cm敲除）致有氧运动的子代心脏健康效应减弱。基于此提出科学假说：亲代有氧运动通过增加子代骨骼肌BCAA分解代谢促进子代心脏健康。本研究拟：明确运动对子代BCAA代谢及心脏健康的影响；阐明骨骼肌BCAA代谢在运动促进子代心脏健康中的作用及主要机制；初步探讨运动如何调控子代骨骼肌BCAA代谢。该研究期望为认识运动的子代健康效应提供新的科学依据。

It is supposed that the beneficial effects of exercise on cardiovascular health usually last for a short-term. Recently, we have found that aerobic exercise (12-wk swimming) in parental generation enhanced the ability of the heart in offspring to defense injury, suggesting that parental exercise exerts cardioprotective effects in offspring. Untargeted plasma metabolite profiling of both human and mice with or without long-term exercise revealed that the changes of circulating amino acids were more obvious than other metabolites, in which exercise increased circulating amino acids, including branched chain amino acid (BCAA). BCAA accounts for 40% of the preformed amino acids required by mammals, and it is an important source of energy supply. Exercise increased BCAA catabolism in parental skeletal muscle, heart and other tissues, but only increased BCAA catabolism in skeletal muscle of offspring. In addition, inhibition of BCAA catabolism in skeletal muscle through skeletal muscle-specific knockout of PP2Cm abolished the parental exercise’s cardioprotective effects in offspring. Thus, we hypothesized that parental exercise promotes cardiac health in offspring via enhancement of BCAA catabolism in skeletal muscle in offspring. The study was designed to: 1) examine the effects of parental exercise on BCAA catabolism and cardiac health in offspring; 2) assess the role of BCAA catabolism in the cardioprotective effects of parental exercise in offspring and its underlying mechanism; 3) explore how BCAA catabolism in skeletal muscle of offspring is regulated by parental exercise. The study will provide new evidence on the parental exercise’s beneficial effects in offspring.