廉价矿石衍生高循环稳定硅酸锂的制备及其高温CO2捕集性能增强机制研究

高温CO2捕集材料研发是实现工业过程CO2捕获和后续CO2转化利用的重要前提，有助于早日实现温室气体净零排放和减缓气候变化效应。Li4SiO4因其吸附容量和吸附速率高而广受关注，但是其存在长时间CO2吸-脱附循环稳定性差、以及在相对较低CO2分压条件下吸附量和吸附动力学显著降低等问题。本项目拟以廉价矿石为硅前驱体，制备出兼具优异CO2吸脱附性能和高循环稳定性的硅酸锂基高温CO2吸附材料，通过关联矿石的化学组成（硅含量、杂质组分等）和其衍生吸附剂的CO2吸附性能，优选出最优的矿石前驱体、解析出矿石中杂质组分对衍生吸附剂在不同CO2浓度条件下的吸附性能和循环稳定性的影响（促进）机制，为硅酸锂基CO2吸附材料的定向设计与制备提供重要的科学指导；通过碱金属碳酸盐负载和过渡金属掺杂等手段提高吸附剂的本征吸附动力学，通过调控成型吸附剂的孔道结构，提高CO2的传质系数，为其实际应用提供重要的科学支撑。

The research and development of high-temperature CO2 capture materials is an important prerequisite for achieving industrial CO2 capture and subsequent CO2 conversion and utilization, which is important for the net-zero emission goal and the mitigation of climate change effect. Li4SiO4 has attracted wide attention due to its relatively high adsorption capacity and adsorption rate, but it has the problems of poor long-term CO2 adsorption-desorption cycle stability, and significantly reduced adsorption capacity and adsorption kinetics under relatively low CO2 partial pressure conditions. This project intends to use cheap minerals as silicon precursors to prepare lithium silicate-based high-temperature CO2 adsorption materials with excellent CO2 adsorption and desorption cycling stability. By correlating the chemical composition (Si content, impurity elements, etc) of minerals and the CO2 adsorption performance of the derived Li4SiO4, the best mineral precursor will be selected and the promoting mechanism of impurity components on the cycling stability and adsorption capacity under different CO2 concentration conditions will be revealed. These results will provide important scientific guidance for the directional design and preparation of lithium silicate-based CO2 adsorption materials. The project will also intend to improve the intrinsic adsorption kinetics of adsorbents by means of alkali metal carbonate loading and transition metal doping and the mass transfer coefficient of CO2 by regulating the pore structure of the shaped adsorbent, which can provide important scientific supports for its practical applications.