面向工业环境移动个体的送风气流反向设计

作为世界第一制造业大国，我国呼吸暴露所致的职业病数量逐年升高，表明我国工人劳动环境保障任重道远。传统工位送风技术在呼吸暴露浓度低于职业卫生IDLH浓度的大量场所仍占主导，但不能应对工业场所工人空间移动问题，急需解决典型生产过程工人移动特征参数化及与气流设计过程有效融合的两大技术瓶颈。本项目提出结合工人移动轨迹信息进行呼吸防护气流设计的构想，拟重点解决停留时间概率峰值区的送风气流包络、多目标反向气流参数寻优的唯一性和稳定性等两大关键难题，实现一种基于典型工人移动模式的平面线轨迹及停留时间概率辨识方法，形成面向单点局部最优、设计平面域全局最优的两类防护气流设计技术路线，考虑局部与全面通风气流的影响，界定出实际工程中静态送风、动态调节的适用范围。本项目有望在注重未来工程应用简洁易行的基础上，建立一套移动工人呼吸防护气流反向设计理论及技术方法，为工人呼吸污染暴露减量化提供依据。

In the world's largest manufacturing country, China, the number of occupational diseases caused by the contaminant exposure has increased year by year. There is a long way to ensure the security of the workers' labor environment. The traditional task air supply system still dominates the factories where the breath exposure concentration is lower than the occupational health IDLH concentration, but it cannot protect the worker if they are moving. Now, it is urgent to settle the problems of parameterization of the moving characteristics of workers in typical production processes and effectively integrating it with the airflow design process. This project proposes the idea of combining the information of worker's movement trajectory to inverse design the protection airflow. It aims to solve the two key points: extracting the key design parameters for air supplement of the peak-probability area of residence and realizing the uniqueness and stability of the multi-target inverse optimization, in order to implementation the new approach of probabilistic model by identifying the workers’ moving trails, and forms two optimal design methods of air supply for both the single point and the design region. Furthermore, considering the effects of local and general ventilation, the scope of the static air supply and dynamic adjustment is demarcated. This study expects to obtain an inverse design theory for respiratory protection airflow of moving workers and to provide the basis for reducing the workers’ breath exposure of the pollutant based on the simplicity of the future engineering application.