机理与数据融合的高速化纤卷绕机装配精度可保持性研究

高速锭轴是化纤卷绕机的核心，与卷装共同构成变质量、变刚度、变转速的弱刚性悬臂支撑转子系统。保持精度稳定是保障整机性能可靠的前提。装配作为制造过程管控的终端环节，对其精度进行可保持性预测极具挑战。当前研究多集中在以定常系统宏观精度保障为目标的几何层面，脱离了锭轴系统实际运行特性，导致装配设计合理性不足，极大制约了装备服役能力。本项目面向系统非线性时变性能，解构锭轴装配工艺层次结构，通过机理与数据融合建模，进行动态参数估计与精度可保持性预测。包括：研究弱刚性锭轴系统大尺度时空域内装配精度演变机理，建立多尺度偏差耦合分析方法；研究考虑接触误差和刚度变化的非线性动力学行为，建立高速锭轴时变过程动态响应分析方法；研究机理与数据融合方法，构建泛化能力更强的装配精度可保持性模型；最后对该模型进行应用验证，提出工艺优化设计方法。本项目的研究将完善精度保持性理论体系，对提高装备运行可靠性具有重要应用价值。

The high-speed spindle is the core of fiber winding machine, which constitutes a cantilever support system together with the spinning cake. This rotor system has the characteristics of variable mass, variable stiffness and variable speed. Keeping the accuracy stable is the premise of ensuring the reliable performance of the whole machine. Assembly is the terminal link of manufacturing process control. It is very challenging to predict the retaining ability of assembly precision. The current assembly theories focus on the macroscopic scale of geometric features, aiming at ensuring the global geometric precision, and are unable to express the actual operating characteristics of the spindle system. Therefore, the rationality of assembly design is insufficient, which becomes to be the bottleneck that restricts the equipment service capability. This project is oriented towards system performance, to decompose the process hierarchy of high-speed spindle assembly. Based on fusion of data and mechanism, dynamic parameter estimation and precision retaining prediction was carried out, specifically including: assembly precision evolution mechanism of weakly rigid spindle system was studied, and variation coupling analysis method in large-scale time and space domain was established. Nonlinear dynamical behavior considering contact error and stiffness variation was researched, and dynamic response analysis method for the high-speed spindle in the time-varying process was developed. The fusion method of data and mechanism was investigated, and the assembly precision retention model with better generalization ability was built. Finally, the model was validated, and the process optimization method was put forward. This study will improve the theory of precision retaining ability. Meanwhile, it has important application value to improve the operational reliability of equipment.