石榴结构自解体燃料的组装制备和燃烧特性研究

固液混合推进技术满足可重复使用商业载人飞船对高安全性、低成本、推力调节范围广和发动机重复使用的要求，是太空旅行运载工具的重要研究方向，但是燃料的低退移速率制约了混合推进的应用和发展。针对燃料的低退移速率受限于扩散燃烧的低热量传递难题，本项目拟设计一种石榴结构的自解体燃料，从微观结构上将燃料扩散燃烧转化为大量颗粒燃烧单元。自解体燃料由可燃颗粒堆积排列而成、颗粒之间的缝隙由复合粘结剂填充，利用复合粘结剂的快速退移来实现堆积颗粒的快速释放和燃料自解，产生类似粉尘燃烧的效果，显著提升燃料退移速率。项目将深入研究自解体燃料的微观组成单元、自解行为对燃料退移速率和火焰结构影响规律，揭示燃料微观结构对扩散燃烧和燃烧性能的调控机制，建立自解体燃料的燃烧模型。研究结果对构建高退移速率的燃料和促进固液混合推进的工程化应用具有重要的理论意义和指导作用。

The hybrid propulsion meets the requirements of reusable commercial manned spacecraft for high safety, low cost, throttleability and reusable rocket engine. It is an important research direction for space travel vehicles, nevertheless, the low regression rate of fuels limits the application and development of hybrid propulsion. Aiming at solving the difficulty of the low regression rate limited by the low heat feedback from diffusion flame, herein, a new self-disintegrating fuels with pomegranate-structure will be designed to convert the diffusion combustion of fuel into a large number of particles combustion units from the microstructure. The self-disintegrating fuels were composed of densely arranged and packed combustible particle, coupled with the composite binder which filled the gap between the particles. The rapid release of the densely packed combustible particle will be achieved by the rapid regression of the composite binder, achieving a similar effect with dust deflagration and significantly promoting the regression rate of the fuel. The influence of micro units and self-disintegrating behavior of the self-disintegrating fuels on the regression rate and flame structure will be intensively studied, revealing the regulation mechanism of microstructure on the diffusion combustion and combustion performance of fuels. A self-disintegrating mechanism and combustion model of self-disintegrating fuels will be developed. The results exhibit important theoretical significance and guidance for constructing the fuels with high regression rate and promoting the engineering application of hybrid propulsion.