太阳能驱动烘焙木与废塑料共催化热解制备芳烃和轻烯烃的基础研究

BTX芳烃（苯、甲苯、二甲苯）和轻烯烃（乙烯、丙烯、丁烯）是重要基础化学品，主要来自化石燃料的二次加工。随着环境污染愈发严重，亟需研究并掌握一种基于新能源和可再生资源的制备机理与方法。由此，本项目提出了基于太阳能驱动的“富氧”林业生物质与“富氢”废塑料共择形催化热解制备BTX芳烃和轻烯烃的新思路。通过木质原料脱氧补氢、择形催化热解、太阳能驱动热反应，以期解决生物基产品制备技术瓶颈背后的核心基础科学问题（原料有效氢碳比低、目标产物收率低、催化剂积碳失活）。研究内容包括，（1）林业生物质有氧烘焙及热解含氧产物的演变规律、（2）烘焙木与废塑料在催化热解过程中的协同作用、（3）BTX-轻烯烃-积碳与金属改性催化剂的构效关系、（4）太阳能聚光供热与原料热解系统的关联匹配机制。通过本项目的实施，掌握一种利用太阳能和废弃物制备高值BTX芳烃和轻烯烃的方法，为生物质与废塑料的清洁、高效利用提供科学支撑。

BTX aromatics (benzene, toluene, xylene) and light olefins (ethylene, propylene, butene) are important basic chemicals, which mainly derived from the secondary processing of fossil fuels. With the increasingly serious environmental pollution, it is urgent to master the preparation method and mechanism of high-value chemicals based on the new energy and renewable resources. In this project, a new idea is proposed for preparing BTX aromatics and light olefins by shape-selective catalytic co-pyrolysis of "oxygen-rich" forestry biomass and "hydrogen-rich" waste plastics based on solar concentrated heating. The core scientific problems behind the bottleneck of bio-based chemical preparation technology are as following: low effective hydrogen-carbon ratio of raw materials, low yield of target products, and deactivation of coke deposited catalyst. The above problems are expected to be solved by deoxygenation and hydrogen supplement of raw materials, shape-selective catalytic pyrolysis, and solar-driven thermal reaction. Thus, there are four specific research contents in this project, namely, (1) oxidative torrefaction of wood processing residues and its effects on the oxygen-containing intermediates during pyrolysis, (2) synergistic effect of torrefied biomass and waste plastics in co-pyrolysis process, (3) structure-activity relationship between the pyrolysis products (aromatic, olefin, and coke deposition) and the metal modified catalysts, and (4) coupling mechanism of solar energy heating and biomass pyrolysis system. The goals of this article are to master an effective method of preparing high-value BTX aromatics and light olefins from solar energy and wastes, and to provide scientific support for the clean and efficient utilization of waste wood and plastic.