基于基因组、转录组和代谢水平对木材腐朽真菌的腐朽类型划分标准界定的研究

木材腐朽真菌是大型真菌的一个重要类群，在森林生态系统的物质循环、能量流动和交替更新等过程中发挥着十分重要的作用，并且其中一些种类还是重要的食药用和工业用真菌，具有多种价值和功能。腐朽类型作为木材腐朽真菌的一个重要分类依据，其划分标准不明确势必会影响木材腐朽真菌的多样性、系统发育及资源利用研究的进行。因此，本项目拟针对全国范围开展木材腐朽真菌标本的采集及种质资源收集，在利用形态学和分子生物学方法将物种准确鉴定的基础上，通过组学、酶学及物理化学表征等多种技术手段分析典型白腐真菌和褐腐真菌类群的代表性种类，明晰关键功能差异基因，比较基因、转录和代谢水平上的差异，揭示降解机制及变化规律，同时结合形态学特征及系统发育分析结果，提出准确可靠的界定木材腐朽真菌腐朽类型的新标准，用于后续木材腐朽真菌的分类及系统发育研究，为构建更加科学自然的分类体系、促进真菌分类学的进一步发展提供必要的科学依据和技术支撑。

Wood decaying fungi, an important group of macrofungi, act a very significant role in substance circulation, energy flow, and alternation update in forest ecosystem. And some of them are valuably edible, medicinal, and industrial fungi, with a huge variety of values and functions. Decaying type is accepted to be a pivotal evidence for taxonomy of wood decaying fungi. Nevertheless, the existence of unclear and incorrect classification criteria inevitably have notorious impact on the researches towards diversity, phylogenetic studies, and resources utilization of wood decaying fungi. In this project, wood decaying fungi and their germplasm resources will be collected nationwide and then identified based on morphological and molecular data. Representative species of typical white rot and brown rot fungi will be selected and analyzed by using omics, enzymology, physical and chemical characterization, and other technical strategies, illuminating key functional differentially expressed genes. Most importantly, the differences of the representative species in terms of gene, transcription, and metabolism levels will be compared, whereupon unearthing the degradation mechanism and change regularity. A new standard for accurate and reliable definition of the decaying type on wood decaying fungi will be introduced by virtue of morphological, phylogenetic, genomics, transcriptomics, and metabolism results. The findings of the current study would be applied for subsequent taxonomic and phylogenic studies of wood decaying fungi, consequently offering essential scientific basis and technical support for establishment of more scientific and natural taxonomic system, and acceleration of further development of fungal taxonomy.