重要轻核中子反应的微观理论与宏观积分实验研究

1s和1p壳轻核是聚变能应用和核天体物理等基础研究中的关键核素，中子与轻核反应截面的准确性直接影响核能装置的设计水平，对于理解宇宙元素核合成基础科学问题也非常重要。由于核子数少，轻核反应的理论研究难度高，一直以来都是国际核物理研究的难题。本项目计划围绕轻核中子反应开展微观自洽理论计算和宏观基准实验测量与检验，为1s和1p壳轻核反应截面研究提供技术和方法。具体包括：1）建立基于现实核力的少体Faddeev-AGS方程理论体系并开展数值算法研究，解决破裂阈以上n+d三体反应截面的理论计算问题，探索研究四体反应阈下t(n,2n)d的中子产生反应；2）建立基于伽莫夫壳模型的耦合道反应理论分析框架，研究1p壳轻核中子反应截面的自恰求解方法；3）开展1p壳轻核的泄漏中子谱宏观积分实验，对本项目微观理论计算进行检验。本项目对于提高我国轻核中子反应研究水平，满足聚变能装置对轻核反应数据的需求有重要意义。

1s and 1p-shell nuclei are key elements in both applicational and fundamental studies such as nuclear fusion energies and nuclear astrophysics. The precision of neutron induced reaction cross sections on these nuclei affects the design of the nuclear energy facilities directly and is important in understanding the nucleosynthesis processes in the universe as well. Since the number of participating nucleons are very few, theoretical description of these reactions is extremely difficult. Few-body nuclear reaction theories has been one of the most difficult problems in nuclear physics. Within such a circumstance, we plan to develop self-consistent microscopic theories for neutron induced nuclear reactions with important 1s- and 1p-shell nuclei and perform relevant integral experiments, which includes 1) to develop the Faddeev-AGS equations for three-nucleon reactions and the corresponding numerical methods to calculate the reaction cross sections of the n+d system precisely with realistic nucleon-nucleon forces, and to explore the ability of the three-body Faddeev-AGS equations in describing the t(n,2n)d reaction under the four-body reaction threshold, 2) to develop the reaction theory based on the Gamow shell model on the coupled-channel basis, and to perform systematic analysis of the neutron induced reactions with 1p-shell nuclei, and 3) to make integral measurements of the neutron emissions with important 1p-shell nuclei, which are important data for nuclear applications and can serve to validate the corresponding theoretical calculations. This project aims to strengthen our studies of few-body nuclear reaction theories and theories of neutron induced reactions with light nuclei, and to provide reliable experimental and theoretical nuclear data, which are important for fulfilling the increasing requirements from our rapid development of nuclear applications.