新型超导带材及其电缆多级结构的力-电-磁-热多场耦合问题研究

超导材料与结构的研发水平关乎一个国家的科技竞争力与战略安全。当前，我国在大科学装置（如强磁场装置）、能源领域（如托卡马克装置）以及需要突破技术垄断的核磁共振等方面，与发达国家相比有差距。而与超导结构设计相关的关键力学问题研究相对滞后，严重制约着相关工程的研发水平。近期，为了应对高性能磁体工程的挑战，一种以螺旋线方式绕制超导电缆（CORC）的概念被提出。针对这种超导带材多级多尺度复杂结构，本项目着重研究在极低温、高磁场以及强载流这种极端环境下的力-电-磁-热多场耦合问题。通过理论建模、数值计算和实验验证相结合的方法，准确评估超导结构应变，得到具体的耦合作用规律，特别是弄清楚热失超发生机理及其发展过程中的热传播特性。依此为基础，探索改进并优化超导电缆结构的绕制方式，使得其在保持良好导电性能的同时，又能保证结构运行安全。最终，为超导结构安全监测和保护提供坚实的理论支撑。

The research and development level of superconducting materials and structures is related to a country's scientific and technological competitiveness and strategic security. At present, China is relatively backward compared with developed countries in terms of big scientific instruments (such as strong magnetic field devices), energy fields (such as Tokamak devices), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), which needs to break through technological monopoly. The root cause of the above problems lies in basic researches. However, the basic research related to mechanics lags behind, which seriously restricts the research and development level of related engineering. In order to meet the challenge of engineering applications of superconducting magnets, a superconducting cable (CORC model) wound in spiral mode is proposed. For this multi-stage and multi-scale structure of superconducting cables and coils, this project studies the coupling of mechanics, electromagnetics, and thermal properties under extreme conditions of low temperature, high magnetic field and strong current. Through the combination of theoretical modeling, numerical simulation and experimental verification, we will accurately evaluate the total strain of the superconducting structure and obtain specific coupling action rules, especially to clarify the occurrence mechanism of Quench and its heat propagation characteristics during the quench process. On the basis, we further try to improve and optimize the winding mode of superconducting cable structure, and make the superconducting structures maintain the balance of high conductivity and mechanical safe operation. Finally, the study on the project can provide solid theoretical support for safety monitoring and protection of superconducting structures.