聚离子液体室温制备高熵合金纳米颗粒及有机催化应用研究

高熵合金纳米颗粒的合成是合金催化领域的研究热点和关键课题，然而已报道高熵合金纳米颗粒的合成有着苛刻的反应条件与特殊的设备要求，难以简单复制与大规模制备。因此，亟待开发一种温和条件大量制备高熵合金纳米颗粒的技术。本项目基于1,2,4-三氮唑鎓盐基团易卡宾化的特点，立足于“溶液悬浮聚合”这一制备高分子胶体粒子的通用方法，分子设计并合成了可生成聚卡宾的聚离子液体胶体粒子。进一步通过聚卡宾中间体对混合金属盐的稳定结合作用，一步还原法即可室温常压制备高熵合金纳米颗粒@聚1,2,4-三氮唑胶体粒子。此胶体粒子可均相化分散于有机溶剂相，适用于探索高效有机催化反应并尝试回收循环。本项目立意研究温和条件合成高熵合金纳米颗粒的机理，理解胶体粒子形貌与聚卡宾分布对合金颗粒的稳定与控制机制。同时研究胶体催化剂的分散与分离影响因素，筛选适用于高熵合金纳米颗粒的有机催化反应，为高效纳米催化剂的合成提供新思路。

The synthesis of high-entropy alloy nanoparticles is an uprising and high-profile research topic in the field of alloy catalysis. Nevertheless, reported synthesis methodology of high-entropy alloy nanoparticles demand harsh reaction conditions and special equipment requirements, which leads to the difficulty in simplified preparation and scalable reproduction. Thus, it is demanding to develop a novel methodology to prepare high-entropy alloy nanoparticles in large quantities under mild conditions. This project starts from the special “carbenable” property of 1,2,4-triazolium ionic salt, through the general polymer colloids preparation method “solution suspension polymerization” and molecular engineering technique, a series of 1,2,4-triazolium-type poly(ionic liquid) colloidal particles, which can be converted into polycarbene, can be designed and synthesized. Furthermore, through the stable binding of polycarbene intermediate towards mixed metal salts, the high-entropy alloy nanoparticles @poly(1,2, 4-triazolium) colloidal particles can be prepared by one-step reduction reaction at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The formed colloidal particles can be homogenized and dispersed in organic solvents, which is suitable for exploring efficient recyclable organic catalytic reactions. This project aims to study the mechanism of synthesis methodology of high-entropy alloy nanoparticles under mild conditions, and understand the stability and control mechanism of alloy particles under varied morphologies of colloidal particles and polycarbene distributions. Meanwhile, the influence factors of dispersion and separation of colloidal catalysts were studied to screen organic catalytic reactions suitable for high-entropy alloy nanoparticles, which can provide new ideas for the synthesis of efficient nano-catalysts.