基于多源数据融合的牛肝菌产地溯源方法及体系构建研究

牛肝菌产地溯源体系是安全监督的一种有效措施，也是保障原材料品质的有效方法。目前，该类群产地溯源检测方法单一、存在缺陷，亟需建立全面、系统的产地溯源体系来保障食用安全。运用数据融合将多种仪器获得的数据进行优化、组合，丰富样品信息，实现仪器间的互补。本项目拟在云南及其周边地区已采集的92个居群1408个野生牛肝菌子实体基础上，采用UV、FT-IR、ICP-MS等分析仪器，结合化学计量学开展：①采集不同产地牛肝菌UV、FT-IR指纹图谱，构建判别模型，分析并筛选特征变量；②测定牛肝菌矿质元素和重金属元素含量，进行牛肝菌品质安全评价，探讨产地与元素含量之间的相关性，并筛选特征变量；③融合光谱和元素数据，建立判别模型，构建多源数据融合产地溯源体系，评价不同产地牛肝菌的质量与安全，阐明产地对品质的影响。该研究可为牛肝菌质量评价提供理论依据，同时对高原特色农业的资源开发利用具有重要的实际意义和应用前景。

Geographical origin traceability of Boletaceae mushroomsis one of effective measures for supervision and quality guarantee to wild edible mushrooms. At present, the detection methodology of geographical origin traceability on these mushrooms is too simple and has defects. Hence, it is necessary to establish a comprehensive system of traceability for the food safety. In this project, data fusion of various instruments will be used to optimize, compose, and enhance the sample information. Based on the samples of 1408 fruiting bodies from 92 populations of wild Boletaceae mushrooms collected previously from Yunnan Province and its surrounding area and the instruments of UV、FT-IR、ICP-MS combined with chemometrics, this project aims to:①acquire the UV and FT-IR spectra of Boletaceae mushrooms from different origins,establish the pattern recognition, and screen the characteristic variables, ②determine the contents of minerals and heavy metals in Boletaceae mushrooms, evaluate theirfood safety, explore the correlations between geographical origins and element contents, and screen the characteristic variables, ③ fuse spectra and element data and establish geographical origin traceability of multi-source data fusion, evaluate the quality and safety of Boletaceae mushrooms from different geographical origins, and explore the impact of the origin on the mushroom quality. This study can provide a theoretical basis for quality evaluation of Boletaceae mushrooms. Meanwhile, it has an important practical significance and application prospect for the development and utilization on the characteristic agriculture in plateau.