城市场地不透水面形态的水文生态效应及其更新设计研究

不透水面改变了场地的自然水循环，阻隔土壤与大气圈的物质、能量交流，改变了土壤的理化性质，不仅引发城市内涝、地表水生态环境恶化等问题，且深刻影响场地土地覆盖的生态特性与生态服务功能。自20世纪60年代，发达国家逐步视不透水面为一项重要的生态环境与规划管理指标。我国在海绵城市、生态修复实践中，比较重视“渗、滞、蓄、净、用、排”设施建设，相对忽视场地层面不透水面形态优化设计在消解雨水，及场地生态环境营造中的作用。课题通过诊断我国城市场地不透水面形态水文生态效应的特征与问题，构建场地不透水面形态水文生态效应机制的一般分析架构与理论模型，并通过实证调研与计量分析，及野外监测与实验室模拟等手段，探索我国城市场地不透水面形态水文生态效应的机制与一般规律，以此为基础，构建一套我国规划语境下的场地不透水面更新设计理论、方法、策略，并提出关键的设计技术参数与标准，努力为我国城市场地生态修复提供理论与技术支持。

Impervious surface changes the natural water cycle of the site, blocks the material and energy exchange between the soil and atmosphere, and changes the physical and chemical properties of the soil, which not only causes urban waterlogging, deterioration of the surface aquatic ecological environment and other issues, but also profoundly affects the ecological characteristics and ecological service function of site land cover. Since the 1960s, the developed countries have gradually regarded the impervious surface as an important indicator of ecological environment and planning management. In the practice of sponge city and water ecological restoration, China pays more attention to the construction of "infiltration, stagnation, storage, purification, use and discharge" facilities, and relatively ignore the important role of the optimal design of impervious surface form at the site level in the digestion of rainwater and the construction of the site ecological environment. The research will base on deeply estimating the characteristics and problems of the hydro-ecological effect of the impervious surface form of urban sites in China, building a general analysis framework and theoretical model of the mechanism of the hydro-ecological effect of the impervious surface form, and exploring the mechanism and the general law of the hydrological and ecological effect of the impervious surface form of the urban sites in China through empirical research and quantitative analysis, field monitoring and laboratory simulation and other methods，build a set of design theories, methods and strategies for the renewal of the impervious surface of the site that suit the Chinese situation, and try to put forward the key design technical parameters and standards, so that to provide theoretical and technical support of the ecological restoration of urban sites in our country.