东方粘虫在中日间远距离跨海迁飞的行为机制

动物的远距离往返迁移存在许多未解之谜，尽管有研究认为昆虫可借助快速气流在海上不间断飞行1200公里或更远，但昆虫夜间跨海迁飞的行为机制一直不明。本项目拟以2012年以来在我国频繁暴发、且在中日间频繁迁飞、威胁粮食作物安全生产的东方粘虫作为对象，在陆上（内陆或海岸边）和海上（船上或岛上）同时使用两部昆虫雷达测定各代东方粘虫的持续飞行时间、飞行高度、位移速度、身体轴向，结合气象资料解析东方粘虫在夜间高空风载迁飞过程中面临海洋时对陆上与海上飞行的选择机制、海上飞行时对气流的选择机制以及陆上与海上飞行的协调机制，并用轨迹模拟和稳定性氢同位素溯源数据进行验证。这对于揭示昆虫远距离跨海迁飞的行为机制有重要的理论意义，而且还可明确东方粘虫在中日间跨海迁飞对我国东方粘虫发生的影响、完善东方粘虫的迁飞理论和测报方法。

There are many unanswered questions about the long-distance round-trip migration of animals, and although some studies suggest that insects can take non-stop flight of 1,200 kilometers over the sea with the aid of rapid moving airflow, the behavior mechanism of the long-distance nocturnal migration across the sea is not clear. The present study is going to use the oriental armyworm Mythimna separata, which frequently outbreak in China since 2012, frequently migrate between China and Japan and threat to food crops production, as experimental insect, to investigate their flight duration, flight height, displacement velocity and body alignment of each generation over both land (inland or coast) and sea (on a ship or an island) with two simultaneously operated entomological radars, so as to clarify the behavior mechanism of how to select between flying over land and over sea while encountering the sea, how to select airflows while flying over the sea, and how to coordinate the behaviors between flying over land and over sea during the high altitude windborne nocturnal migration, by incorporating weather data. The behavior mechanism is to be validated with simulation of flight trajectories and data of insect source traced by stable Hydrogen isotope analysis. This not only has important theoretical significance to reveal the behavior mechanism of long-distance migration of insects crossing sea, but also makes it clear how the migration of the oriental armyworm crossing the sea between China and Japan influence the occurrence of this species, and refine the migration theory and forecast method of the oriental armyworm.