基于分子谱系地理学和群体遗传学的新疆紫草道地药材遗传成因研究

“道地性越明显，其基因特化越明显”是黄璐琦院士关于道地药材遗传成因的模式假说，应用分子谱系地理学和群体遗传学的理论和研究方法验证其科学性，对赋予道地药材这一传统的药材评价标准现代科学的内涵具有重要的理论意义，同时对道地药材栽培制定科学的引种策略和道地药材的产地鉴别提供直接指导，具有重要的实践意义。本研究以新疆紫草为材料，应用分子谱系地理学和群体遗传学的理论和方法，从叶绿体和核基因组水平分析野生新疆紫草的叶绿体谱系地理模式和核基因遗传结构类型，结合前期化学表型地理变异研究的结果进行相关性分析，旨在①验证“道地性越明显，其基因特化越明显”的模式假说，判明遗传因素对道地性的影响程度；②筛选出道地新疆紫草产地鉴别的分子地理标识。本研究为道地药材形成规律、栽培引种策略和产地鉴别研究提供了新的理论和方法，起到以点带面的作用。

“The more obvious the geoherblism was, the more obvious the genetic differentiation was” is the hypothesis about genetic law for formation of Dao-di medicinal materials advanced by academician Luqi Huang. Verifying the truth of it based on molecular phylogeography and population genetics is important on theory for giving scientific connotation of Dao-di medicinal materials, an experiential standard assessing the quality of medicinal materials. At the same time, it is also important in practice for providing instructive to domestication projects and locality identification by molecular marker of Dao-di medicinal materials..  In this study, the genetic divergence of chloroplast genomes and genetic structure of nuclear genomes in wild and cultivated Arnebia uchroma will be studied using theories and methods of molecular phylogeography and population genetics. The correlation between genetic variation and phytochemical differentiation will be analyzed combining the gained results of HPLC fingerprints of roots of Arnebia euchroma. The jectives of this study will be to: 1) verify the hypothesis “The more obvious the geoherblism was, the more obvious the genetic differentiation was” and evaluate the impacts of genetic variation on geoherblism; 2) select out the molecular geography markers for locality identification of Dao-di Arnebia euchroma. This study will provide new theories and methods for researching the evolutional law, domestication and locality identification of Dao-di medicinal materials, letting one unit guide a whole area.