ACC脱氨酶介导的微生物组-暗褐网柄牛肝菌互作促进子实体发育的分子机制

暗褐网柄牛肝菌是第一个实现工厂化栽培且我国完全自主知识产权的牛肝菌新品种，在栽培过程中采用覆土措施以提高生物学产量。前期研究和文献表明覆土中功能微生物可以通过调控1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸（ACC）脱氨酶清除蘑菇自身产生的乙烯促进子实体生长发育，但是暗褐网柄牛肝菌覆土中的功能微生物类群以及调控分子机制尚未见报道。锁定上述问题，本项目拟采用多组学和分子生物学方法开展以下三方面研究：1）实验验证前期生物信息学确定的暗褐网柄牛肝菌乙烯合成途径；2）探索覆土中ACC脱氨酶、微生物和乙烯产生三者的相关性和动态变化，确定功能微生物类群；3）覆土中可培养微生物分离，构建高效表达ACC脱氨酶工程菌株，提高激发子实体发育的效率。上述问题的解决有助于诠释微生物-食用菌生物膜形成、互作和刺激子实体发育等微生物组学和食用菌遗传学问题，与提高暗褐网柄牛肝菌的生物学产量密切相关，也是提升产业转化力的重要基础工作。

Phlebopus portentosus (Berk. & Broome) Boedijn is the only species in the Boletales which can be successfully cultivated with independent intellectual property rights. The additions of the casing layer or casing soil overlaying the substance are used to induce the formation of fruiting bodies or increasing yields. It is reported that the microbiome in the casing layers could regulate ACC deaminase to remove the ethylene produced by the mushroom itself to induce fruiting body formation. However, the functional bacterial taxa and regulation mechanisms in the casing soil of P. portentosus have not been clarified. In order to resolve these problems, three projects will be conducted using omics and molecular methods as following: 1) the verification of ethylene biosynthesis in P. portentosus based on preliminary results; 2) the dynamics and relationships among ACC deaminase, microbiome and ethylene production; 3) cultured bacteria isolations and the constructions of strains with high-level expression of ACC deaminase to improve the efficiency of fruiting body formation. The researches above will be benefit to illuminate the interactions, biofilm formation between P. portentosus and microbiome and the molecular mechanisms of inducing the formation of fruiting bodies, which is the basic work for improving the biological yield and productivity of P. portentosus.