超导托卡马克中金属灰尘的迁移和沉积机制研究

托卡马克中等离子体与材料相互作用所产生的灰尘杂质，会大大增加等离子体能量辐射损失和燃料粒子滞留，进而严重威胁到装置的安全运行，因此灰尘在托卡马克中的迁移和沉积是灰尘研究的关键问题之一。本申请围绕解决聚变装置灰尘问题的目标，拟在与ITER具有相似位形的EAST装置中开展金属示踪灰尘注入实验，并结合高速相机实时监测和事后分析方法，分析不同尺寸、数量和注入速度的灰尘寿命、空间分布变化、在等离子体中的穿透深度以及等离子体能量辐射损失和灰尘沉积分布情况，系统研究托卡马克金属灰尘的迁移与沉积行为，评估其对等离子体运行的影响；同时利用灰尘迁移模拟程序DTOKS对实验结果进行数值模拟分析，阐明托卡马克中金属灰尘的迁移和沉积及对等离子体影响的物理机制。本项研究可为未来聚变堆装置灰尘的迁移和沉积行为预测和灰尘清除技术方案设计提供重要的科学依据和数据积累。

Dust impurities produced by the plasma and materials interaction in tokamaks, will increase greatly loss of plasma energy radiation and retention of fuel particles, and further threaten seriously operation safety of fusion devices. The migration and deposition of dust impurities in tokamak are one of the key issues for dust study. Focusing on the goal of solving dust problem in fusion devices, this application plans to carry out tracing dust injecting experiments with metallic materials in the ITER-like configuration device - EAST tokamak, and combine high-speed cameras of real time monitoring and postmortem analysis method to obtain the plasma energy radiation loss and lifetime, spatial distribution change, penetration depth in the plasma and deposition distribution of dust impurities with different sizes, quantity, and injection speeds, and to study the migration and deposition behavior of dust impurities and assess effect on plasma operations. Then, this application will also simulate the experiments using dust migration program—DTOKS, to clarify physical mechanisms of metallic dust migration and deposition as well as its influence on plasma operations in tokamak. This study can provide important scientific support and data accumulation to predict dust migration and deposition behavior and to design dust elimination scheme for future fusion reactors.