超薄柔弹性二维纳米孔膜的制备及离子和分子过孔传输行为调控

通过仿生手段，制备与生物孔膜（生物纳米孔-磷脂双分子层）结构和功能相似的二维纳米孔膜在物质传输、分子结构解析、能量存储和光电转换等领域意义重大。现阶段针对二维纳米孔膜的研究面临至少以下两方面瓶颈问题：一是如何有效制备兼具优异机械强度和柔弹性的大面积无裂缝二维纳米孔膜；二是如何在纳米膜内引入高密度均一孔径的纳米孔道。为解决上述两问题，本申请项目拟利用不同聚合物间可发生微相分离的性质，通过Langmuir Blodgett成膜法制备超薄聚合物膜（厚度：10-20 纳米）。通过uv辐射，实现聚合物膜内“海”相结构的交联和硬质“岛”相中自剪切聚合物的降解，继而实现超薄柔弹性二维聚合物膜的制备和硬质“岛”相中纳米孔的形成。在此基础上，采用化学方法，通过对纳米孔道内部微环境的改造，实现对该二维纳米孔膜过孔传输行为的调控。本申请课题将为利用纳米孔膜制备柔性传感器和柔性离子整流器等做出基础性研究工作。

By applying biomimetic methodology, the fabrication of novel 2D nanochannel membranes possessing similar structures and functionalities with biology ones (bio-nanochannel incorporated lipid membrane) is indispensable for exploring their applications in molecular transport, molecular structural analysis, energy storage and photoelectric conversion. To date, at least two choke points are blocking the development of the research:1. how to construct a large, uniform and holonomic 2D nanochannel membrane with adequate mechanic strength and flexibility; 2 how to introduce massive nanochannels with narrow homogeneity into the membrane. To overwhelm the difficulties mentioned above, this proposal will take advantage of the phase separation between different polymers and exploit Langmuir Blodgett (LB) technology to prepare the membrane with sea-island morphology along with a thickness of 10-20 nm. Thereafter, uv irritation will crosslink the sea phase of the membrane while trigger the decomposition of island phase formed by the self-immolative polymers, which results in the formation of nano-channel-incorporating elastic membrane with high mechanical stability. Ultimately, the micro-environment of the nanochannels will be awarded with various functionalities by chemistry approaches to achieve the controllable regulation of ionic and molecular transport through the membrane. The proposed project will contribute to the fundamental understanding and the preparation of novel 2D nanochannel membranes, which will be exploited in the future for the applications in soft sensors and ionic current rectifiers.