金刚石探测器多球谱仪的响应函数和极化效应研究

以托卡马克装置周围中子场为代表的强脉冲中子场注量率高（>1e7/cm2/s）、能区宽（热中子-几MeV），其中子能谱和注量的准确测量是困扰已久的技术难题。本项目在金刚石探测器多球谱仪研究基础上，提出刻度非同类多球谱仪响应函数的间接方法，建立谱仪的响应函数矩阵；发展消除极化效应、改善脉冲高度谱形的新方法，以有效减弱或消除辐照损伤对谱仪性能的影响。拟开展以下研究：分析多球谱仪响应函数变化的物理机制；探索谱仪性能退化和极化效应随金刚石辐照损伤的变化规律；发展自动识别和消除极化效应的操作方案；通过金刚石探测器优化设计改善谱仪的脉冲高度谱形和减弱或消除极化效应。最终完成开发一套响应函数可靠、计数准确的金刚石探测器多球谱仪，为聚变堆强中子场测量提供新的解决方案。

The intense pulsed neutron fields represented by those around tokamaks have the high neutron flux larger than 1e7/cm2/s and the wide energy range from the thermal region to several MeV. The precise measurement of the neutron spectrum and fluence is always a puzzle. An indirect method is proposed for deriving the response functions of a Bonner sphere spectrometer (BSS) from the other type of BSS. The methods such as eliminating the polarization effect and improving the pulse height spectrum shape of the diamond detector are proposed to reduce or eliminate the influence of the neutron radiation damage to BSS on the BSS performance. The following work will be carried out: revealing the mechanism of the BSS response function change; determining the change of the BSS performance and the polarization effect varying with the radiation damage of neutrons to the diamond detector; optimizing the diamond detector design to improve the pulse height spectrum shape and to reduce or eliminate the polarization effect. The project is aimed to develop a diamond detector-based BSS which is well calibrated and has high count accuracy. The BSS provides a new solution to measuring the intense neutron fields around fusion reactors.