走滑派生构造差异演化主控因素的砂箱实验研究：以郯庐断裂渤海-山东段张扭派生的构造为例

走滑派生构造是指走滑断裂尾端、弯曲或叠接部位因断裂两盘侧向汇聚或离散而派生的各类构造。其差异演化不仅控制扭性构造的发育格局，也会影响油气或矿床的富集与分布。前人通过物理或数值模拟实验着重探讨了拉分盆地和推起构造的发育演化机理，但对其余类型派生构造的形成过程和导致其（尤其是走滑断裂相似部位同种应力环境下派生的不同构造）差异演化的主要因素关注较少。本项目拟利用砂箱模拟技术，结合郯庐断裂渤海-山东段渐新世以来右行张扭派生的典型实例构建地质模型，差异模拟不同地质条件下，走滑断裂各部位派生构造的发育演化过程，并运用延时摄像、CT或激光扫描、连续切片、数字散斑和可视化解释等技术采集、处理和解释实验结果。本研究有助于建立走滑断裂各部位派生构造的发育演化模式，比较相似派生构造发育演化过程的异同和确定走滑断裂相似部位同种应力环境下派生构造差异演化的主控因素，并为中国东部扭性构造和资源勘探实践提供理论支撑。

Strike-slip derived structures (SDS) refer to various strike-slip-related structures at tails, bends and step-overs of strike-slip faults derived from lateral convergence and divergence of fault walls. Their differential evolution not only controls the development pattern of strike-slip-related structures but also influences the accumulation and distribution of various ore deposits and hydrocarbon. Although the formation and evolution mechanism of pull-apart basins and push-up structures are well studied by previous physical or numerical modelling attempts, rather less attention has been paid to that of the rest kinds of SDS and the main factors controlling their differential evolution, especially the different SDS formed under similar stress environments at similar positions of strike-slip faults. This project intends to use scaled physical modelling technique, and combine the geological models established from various typical SDS at tails, bends and step-overs of the Tan-Lu Fault derived from its dextral transtension since the Oligocene, to truly differentiate and simulate the formation and evolution processes of each kind of SDS along strike-slip faults under various geological conditions. Then the Time-lapse Photography, Laser Scanning, Digital Speckle Method, destructive Serial Slice, nondestructive Computerized Tomography and 3D Visualization techniques will be used to collect, process and analyze experimental results. This work is not only conductive to establishing the developmental and evolutionary models of each kind of the SDS formed along strike-slip faults, comparing the similarities and differences of the evolutionary processes of similar SDS at bends and stepovers of strike-slip faults and determining the main factors controlling differential evolution of the SDS, especially the different SDS formed under similar stress environments at similar positions of strike-slip faults, but also instructive to strike-slip-related structures and resources exploration practice in eastern China.