交配型位点基因lga2调控菰黑粉菌线粒体DNA清除的机制研究

茭白是我国的第二大水生蔬菜，其产品器官的形成依赖于菰黑粉菌的侵染。而菰黑粉菌两种交配型的单倍体菌株融合形成二倍体菌丝是其侵染的关键。其中伴随着一个单倍体菌株线粒体DNA的清除，且这一过程影响到菌丝的侵染能力。但是菰黑粉菌线粒体DNA清除的调控机制仍然未知。前期研究证实菰黑粉菌a2交配型位点中的lga2基因参与调控融合过程中的线粒体DNA清除。因此，本项目通过深入研究lga2基因的生物学功能和调控网络，找到菰黑粉菌中直接参与线粒体DNA清除的线粒体核酸酶，明确lga2基因调控线粒体核酸酶的通路和途径，阐明菰黑粉菌融合过程中线粒体DNA的清除机制。研究结果有助于进一步解析线粒体遗传在菰黑粉菌中的生物学功能，对全方位了解菰黑粉菌的遗传进化、生长、侵染以及茭白的形成具有重要意义。

Zizania latifolia, which is the second largest planted aquicolous vegetable in China, is formed depends on the infection of Ustilago esculenta. The key of infection ability of U. esculenta is due to the formation of diploid hyphae from two different mating type strains. In the process of dimorphic switch, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of one haploid strain will be degraded, which is essential to infection. However, the mechanism of mtDNA degradation is still unknown. In previous studies, we characterized lga2 gene in a2 loci that regulated mtDNA degradation. Therefore, we will screen out the mitochondrial nuclease that degrade mtDNA in U. esculenta, elucidate the regulation approaches of lga2, and explain the mechanism of mtDNA degradation. Our expected findings will provide a deep understanding of mtDNA inheritance in biological function of U. esculenta, which has important implications for understanding of genetic evolution, growth, infection, and gall formation of Z. latifolia.