空间基因视角下的湖湘传统村落水适应性形成及演变

水适应性指在长期的生产生活中形成的对自然水环境的适应与调节，是治水理水功能在地理空间单元上的投影。针对当前传统村落保护和建设中出现的水适应性功能衰退、肌理特色消逝和生态智慧失语等问题，本研究综合运用地理学、风景园林学和人类生态学等多学科理论与方法，以空间基因为载体，绘制湖湘传统村落水适应性图谱，明确水适应性性状与水适应性功能之间的映射关系，进而归纳总结湖湘传统村落水适应性在功能、结构、元素和表达上的共性特征。然后，通过空间基因编码技术构造传统村落水适应性的数字形态，定量分析水适应性空间基因的生物信息及遗传特征，结合相关性和时空序列分析，进一步阐释湖湘传统村落水适应性的形成机理、地域差异、变迁过程和驱动因素等。最后，在空间基因演变规律和发展趋势的基础上，结合当代湖湘传统村落生产生活需求，提出水适应性空间保护和传承策略，使水适应性功能、肌理特色和传统生态智慧在当代能得到创造性转化和创新性发展。

Water adaptation refers to the adaptability and adjustment of human life to the natural water environment. Water adaptation is the projection of water management on the traditional village. Currently, there are several problems in traditional village protection and construction, such as the decline of water adaptation function, the disappearance of texture feature and the aphasia of ecological wisdom. Based on the space gene, this study is going to map the relationships between the water adaptive traits and water adaptive functions, and the common characteristics of water adaptation in function, structure, elements and expression of traditional villages in Hunan will be summarized. Then, the digital form of water adaptation of traditional villages will be constructed through space gene coding technology. Combined with the analysis of correlation and spatio-temporal series, the formation mechanism, regional differences, change process, and driving factors of water adaptation of traditional villages in Hunan will further be explained. Finally, based on the evolution law and development trend of space gene, combined with the production and living needs of contemporary traditional villages in Hunan, the strategies of water adaptation protection and inheritance are going to proposed. Therefore, the function, texture feature and traditional ecological wisdom of water adaptation can be creatively transformed and innovatively developed in contemporary times.