单线态氧同步去除湖库底泥/水界面蓝藻和藻毒素的效能及影响机制

湖库底泥/水界面越冬蓝藻复苏对次年水华暴发具有重要贡献，底泥/水界面暗光缺氧条件会使常规除藻方法受到一定限制，如何有效消除底泥/水界面休眠蓝藻成为控制藻华的重要问题之一，能否在除藻过程同步去除藻毒素则关系到水生态安全。本项目拟首先采集太湖梅梁湾等六处典型蓝藻水华湖库底泥，利用UPLC-MS/MS和测序技术，鉴定泥藻混合体系中藻种丰度、类型、产毒特征，分析比较不同底泥理化特性；其次利用前期研发的模拟实验装置，探究复合材料非均相活化过硫酸盐在泥水界面产生单线态氧的规律和控制条件，获取单线态氧破除泥藻混合体系中铜绿微囊藻的浓度效应、有效反应时间等重要参数；进一步探索单线态氧去除藻细胞的反应动力学以及同步去除典型微囊藻毒素的效能和降解途径，阐明天然有机物、水温等关键因素的干扰效应和作用机制。本项目从底泥/水界面泥藻混合体系中藻种安全化去除的角度，为湖库蓝藻水华防控和治理提供新的研究思路和理论依据。

The recovery of overwintering cyanobacteria at sediment/water interface of lakes and reservoirs contributed significantly to the algal blooms in next year. The conventional removal processes of cyanobacteria are restricted under dark light and anoxic conditions at sediment/water interface. How to effectively eliminate the cyanobacteria from sediment/water interface become one of the important issues in controlling algal bloom. Can the synergistic removal of algal toxins in the process of algal removal is related to water ecological security. Firstly, the samples of sediments from six typical cyanobacteria blooms would be carried out in this project, such as Meiliang Bay of Taihu Lake, etc. The UPLC-MS/MS and sequencing technology would be applied to identify the species abundance, types and toxigenic characteristics of algae in the mixed system. The physicochemical characteristics of sediments would be analyzed. Secondly, the simulation experimental device developed in our early study would be used to study the production characteristics and control requirement of singlet oxygen generation in heterogeneous activation of persulfate by composite materials, to obtain the concentration effect and effective reaction time of cyanobacteria cells in the mixed system destroyed by singlet oxygen. The kinetics and influence mechanism on singlet oxygen removal of cyanobacteria cells and the synchronous removal efficiency and degradation pathway of microcystins would be further studied. The interference effect and mechanism of the key factors such as coexisting natural organic matter and water temperature would be clarified. From the perspective of the safe removal of cyanobacteria in the mud-algal mixing system at the sediment/water interface, this project provides new ideas and theoretical basis for the control and management of cyanobacteria blooms in lakes and reservoirs.