面孔吸引力的注意加工机制

管理学者们对人是如何从面孔的某些特征上感知对方人格特质和领导力的过程感兴趣。而面孔吸引力是面孔的重要特征之一，在人际互动当中发挥着重要作用。本研究关注面孔吸引力对初期注意阶段的影响。本研究计划使用不同的实验范式来区分以往研究中常被混淆的两种注意机制：注意捕获和注意粘附。注意捕获是指人们的注意被某个目标吸引；注意粘附是指注意难以从已注意到的目标上转移开。这是注意过程的两个阶段。而注意捕获有两种类型：自上而下和自下而上。自上而下的注意捕获指参与者因为对任务的了解而有意引导的注意捕获；自下而上的注意捕获则是指刺激物自身的某种特征引起的注意捕获。本研究计划使用三种改良后的实验范式探讨面孔吸引力对注意粘附和两种类型的注意捕获的影响。除此之外，由于面孔吸引力的社会意义，本研究还计划通过启动人的不同动机状态（自我保护动机和择偶动机）以观察在不同动机状态下，面孔吸引力对以上注意过程的影响。

Scholars in management are interested in the process of how people perceive one's personality traits and leadership from one's face. Face attractiveness is one of the important features of faces. It plays an important role in interpersonal interactions. This study is focus on the effect of face attractiveness on the initial stage of visual attention. I plan to use different paradigms to distinguish two attention processes that have often been confused in previous studies: attention capture and attention adhesion. Attention capture is happened when people's attention is attracted to the target; attention adhesion is when people feel difficult to shift attention away from the target. I also plan to measure two types of attention capture: top-down and bottom-up. Top-down attention capture refers to attention guided by one's expectation; bottom-up attention capture refers to attention guided by the novelty features of the stimuli. I plan to use three modified paradigms to explore the effects of face attractiveness on attention adhesion and two types of attention capture. In addition, due to the social meaning of face attractiveness, this study will also test the effect of face attractiveness on peoples in different motivational states (self protection and mate selection).