基于近超声感知声道行为的声纹认证增强技术研究

作为主流的生物特征识别解决方案之一，声纹认证因其突出的用户友好性、及可理解的个体区分方法，在学术研究和工业应用等领域受到广泛关注。然而，由于声纹内嵌于人发声形成的语音中，其面临着语音泄露声纹、场景信道干扰、文本内容掩蔽等挑战，使其虽经过数十年的发展，但普及程度却仍远不及指纹、人脸等其他主流生物特征识别技术。针对以上声纹认证面临的挑战，本项目拟深入研究面向移动与智能物联网场景的增强声纹认证技术，提出基于近超声感知声道行为的身份认证方法。首先，研究人体声道对近超声信号的影响，探索声道行为感知的活体识别和活体认证技术；其次，研究信道因素对声道行为感知的影响，探索不同环境和设备的信号差异平滑与消除技术；最后，研究细粒度声道行为特异性的精确感知方法，探索不同文本内容下共性特异性提取技术。本课题的成功开展将为声纹认证技术的大规模应用指出切实可行的发展方向，满足在智能家居、智能金融等关键领域的认证需求。

As one of the major biometric authentication solutions, voiceprint authentication has attracted enormous attentions of academia and industry, because of its significant user-friendliness and understandable individual distinguishing approach. However, due to the integration of voiceprint in speaking-generated voices, the authentication faces several challenges, including voiceprint leakage from voices, environmental channel interference, uniqueness hidden by speaking texts, etc. Hence, the voiceprint authentication is still not as prevalent as other biometric authentications, such as fingerprint and face, though voiceprint solutions have been continuously developed in the past decades. To deal with aforementioned challenges, this project aims to investigate an enhanced voiceprint authentication technique for mobile and AIoT scenarios, and propose an authentication solution based on sensing vocal tract behaviors by acoustic signals. First, we aim to study the impact of human vocal tract on acoustic signals, and investigate the vocal tract sensing-based liveness detection and liveness authentication techniques. Then, we plan to study the impact of signal channel on vocal tract sensing, and investigate the signal difference smoothing and mitigation techniques for various environments and devices. Finally, we intend to study the precise sensing method for extracting fine-grained vocal tract uniqueness, and investigate the common uniqueness extraction technique under different speaking texts. The success of this project will point out a practical development direction for the wide deployment of voiceprint authentication, satisfying the authentication demands for various key areas, such as smart home and smart finance.