水稻抗白叶枯病基因Xa7耐高温抗病分子机制研究

水稻白叶枯病是一种全球性的细菌性病害，该病害的发生和流行严重影响着水稻的产量和品质。Xa4、Xa21等抗病基因在水稻育种中的应用，使得该病害在我国曾得到有效控制。但是，随着全球气候的持续变暖，影响了Xa4、Xa21等基因的抗性能力，以至于近年来，白叶枯病的发生逐年加重。因此，研究抗病基因的抗病能力随环境温度变化的机制，发掘在高温环境中能够应用的抗病基因具有重要的战略意义。本项目以近期申请人参与克隆的白叶枯病抗性基因Xa7为研究对象，立足于含Xa7基因水稻耐高温的抗病特点，通过筛选Xa7基因的上游调控因子和互作蛋白，结合转录组、代谢组分析挖掘Xa7基因响应白叶枯病菌和环境温度的调控网络，最终揭示Xa7基因的抗病能力随环境温度变化的分子机制，并进行育种应用。本项目的顺利实施有望为应对气候变暖对作物抗病育种的挑战提供解决思路，同时也能为研究其他植物与病原菌和非生物胁迫的调控关系提供参考。

Rice bacterial blight is one of the most harmful bacterial diseases of rice around the world, and its occurrence and prevalence seriously affects both rice yield and quality. With the application of resistance genes such as Xa4 and Xa21 in rice breeding, bacterial blight was once effectively controlled in China. However, with the continuous warming of global climate, the resistance ability of those disease resistance genes gradually decreased, thus in recent years, the occurrence of bacterial blight showed a trend of increasing. Therefore, it is of great strategic significance to study the variation of disease resistance ability of disease resistance genes while environmental temperature increases, and explore the disease resistance genes that can be applied in high temperature environment. This project takes the recently cloned bacterial blight resistance gene Xa7 as the research object, and based on the enhanced resistance of Xa7 gene in high temperature environment. By screening the key upstream regulatory factors and interaction proteins of Xa7 gene, and combined with transcriptome and metabolomic analysis to explore the regulatory network of Xa7 gene in response to bacterial blight and temperature environment, and finally revealed the molecular mechanism of Xa7 gene with enhanced resistance to bacterial blight in high temperature environment, as well applied in breeding. The successful implementation of this project will provide a solution for the challenge of climate warming to crop disease resistance breeding, and also provide a reference for studying the regulatory relationship of other plants when facing both pathogens and abiotic stress.