氯化钙浸种诱发水稻抗褐飞虱的生化和分子机制

防御诱发是植物自身拥有的一种独特的防御策略，目前对于植物诱发抗性的研究主要集中在诱发因子、作用靶标以及引起植物防御效率等方面，关于防御诱发机理的研究也大多来源于植物与病原菌的互作研究，而有关抗虫防御诱发的机理还有待深入研究。钙是植物生长发育的必需营养元素，项目前期发现氯化钙浸种可显著提高水稻对褐飞虱的抗性，但机理尚不清楚。据此，本项目拟在水稻种子经过氯化钙浸种后，对种子和叶鞘进行转录组测序，筛选其中差异表达最显著的防御相关基因，利用CRISPR-Cas9基因编辑技术研究重要防御基因在外源钙诱发水稻防御褐飞虱中的功能，并结合Ca2+ 螯合剂 EGTA和离子通道抑制剂LaCl3处理，阻断水稻植株钙离子信号传递，比较不同基因型各处理水稻植株对褐飞虱的抗性变化，探明外源钙介导下水稻内源钙离子对SA防御信号途径的调控作用，揭示外源钙诱发水稻抗褐飞虱的机理，为利用外源钙增强水稻对害虫的抗性奠定理论基础

Defense priming is a unique defense strategy exploited by plants. At present, the research on plant defense priming mainly focuses on the priming agents, priming targets and the efficiency of plant defense priming. Most studies on priming mechanism are associated with the interaction between plants and pathogens. Few study focuses on priming mechanism of anti-herbivore defense. Calcium (Ca) is an essential nutrient element for plant growth and development. Our previous study showed that seed soaking with calcium chloride can significantly improve rice resistance to brown planthoppers (BPH), but the mechanism is still unclear. Based on this, this project will perform transcriptome sequencing on seeds and leaf sheaths after soaking rice seeds with calcium chloride to screen defense-related genes with the most significant differential expression. CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology will be used to identify the role of important defense genes in exogenous Ca-primed rice defense against BPH. The treatment of Ca2 + chelator EGTA and ion channel inhibitor LaCl3 will be used to block the calcium signal transmission in rice plants and compare the changes in resistance of different genotypes to brown planthopper after different treatments. This study will reveal exogenous calcium-mediated defense priming and regulation of SA defense signaling pathways by rice endogenous calcium ions, laying a theoretical foundation for the use of exogenous calcium to enhance rice resistance to insect pests.