基于原子—腔光力混合系统的动态Casimir效应及其应用研究

真空涨落的存在是量子场论最奇妙的预言之一。动态Casimir效应是这种真空涨落的宏观体现，它可以将量子真空的虚光子转换为实光子，但超高的机械频率要求致使其尚未被实验直接观测到。最近，Macrì等提出的广义共振条件有可能消除这种障碍，但需要单量子水平上的强耦合，目前这在实验上依然是一个严峻的挑战。本项目拟采用全量子理论探讨在原子—腔光力混合系统中产生动态Casimir效应的条件；由动态Casimir效应导致的新的量子特性及其对原子自发辐射的影响；利用动态Casimir效应实现能量传输与转化。利用这个混合系统丰富的相互作用机制和丰富的调控手段，有望获得在共振条件下有效降低产生动态Casimir效应所需机械振子的频率和实现在单量子水平上的有效耦合强度，从而为在实验上直接观测动态Casimir效应提供可能，对促进Casimir效应在纳米及微尺度技术中的应用和量子场论的发展具有重要实际意义。

The existence of vacuum fluctuation is one of the most wonderful predictions of quantum field theory. The dynamic Casimir effect is the macroscopic embodiment of this kind of vacuum fluctuation, which can convert the virtual photon of quantum vacuum into the real photon. However, it has not been directly observed by experiments due to the requirement of ultra-high mechanical frequency. Recently, the generalized resonance condition proposed by macrì et al. is likely to eliminate this obstacle, but it needs strong coupling at the single quantum level, which is still a severe challenge in experiments. In this project, the full quantum theory is adopted to explore the conditions for the generation of dynamic Casimir effect based on the atom-optomechanical hybrid system, reveal the new quantum characteristics caused by the dynamic Casimir effect and its impact on the spontaneous emission of atoms, and discuss how to use dynamic Casimir effect to achieve energy transfer and transformation. By using the abundant interaction mechanism and abundant manipulating means of the hybrid system, it is expected that the frequency of the mechanical oscillator needed to produce the dynamic Casimir effect can be effectively reduced under the resonance condition, and the coupling strength can be effectively enhanced at the single quantum level, so as to provide the possibility for directly observing the dynamic Casimir effect in the experiment, which is of great practical significance for promoting the application of Casimir effect in nano and micro scale technology and the development of quantum field theory.