纳米金磁微粒的过氧化物酶活性及其在免疫层析试纸技术的研究

2007年Fe3O4纳米粒具有过氧化物酶活性被发现，打破了认为无机材料是生物惰性的传统观念，激发了广大研究者探索纳米酶的兴趣。目前，纳米酶在传染病筛选、癌症的早期诊断、抗菌和生物膜清除等方面已经广泛研究。然而，灵敏度低和pH条件的限制已被公认是纳米酶的主要缺陷，因此探索新型纳米酶、研究催化机制及其筛选辅因子是解决问题的关键。课题组已合成出了向日葵型纳米金磁微粒，该材料具有纳米金的等离子共振吸收和Fe3O4纳米粒超顺磁特性，又能高效偶联抗体蛋白，更重要的是具有纳米酶活性。在本项目研究中，围绕向日葵型纳米金磁微粒的纳米酶活性、催化机理、最适反应条件、辅因子的筛选等科学问题展开研究，以布鲁氏菌病为检测模型，旨在建立一种基于金磁纳米酶为标记的快速、高灵敏度免疫层析试纸技术，该技术不但对我国西部地区布鲁氏菌病的控制流行起着关键作用，而且也可应用于其他高灵敏度的检测领域。

The finding that ferromagnetic nanoparticles possess peroxidase like activity in 2007 broke the traditional concept that inorganic materials were bioinert,and stimulated researchers’extensive interest in exploring other new Nanozymes. Nowadays, the application of nanozymes has been extended to rapid diagnosis, cancer diagnosis and treatment, antibacteria and elimination of biofilms.However, the low sensitivity and pH condition constraint have been identified as the major drawbacks in the application of nanozymes, so this is key to solve the problem is to explore new nanozymes and its catalytic mechanism to screen cofactors and activator。how to improve the selectivity and specificity of nanozymes is another important issue.Fe3O4/Au composite nanoparticles have been synthesized for the first time by our team.The materials have the plasmon resonance absorption of gold nanoparticles and the superparamagnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles, and efficiently couple the antibody protein. More importantly, the Fe3O4/Au composite nanoparticles has nanoenzyme activity and good stability.In this project, the activities of peroxidase, catalytic mechanism ，cofactor and activator screeningand optimum reaction conditions of Fe3O4/Au composite nanoparticles were studied, and the detection of brucellosis antibody was used as a model to establish a basis. A rapid and highly sensitive immunochromatographic strip for brucellosis based on gold magnetic nanoenzyme labeling will be established.Technology not only plays a key role in controlling the epidemic of brucellosis, but also gold magnetic nanoenzyme technology platform can be applied to other high sensitivity detection fields.