面向多模毁伤炸药的FDM固化界面粘结成型演变机制研究

传统炸药装药技术由于内部缩孔、裂纹等质量缺陷以及复杂异形结构难制造等问题，难以满足多模毁伤战斗部的发展需求，而基于熔融沉积成型原理的熔铸炸药增材制造技术因其成型精度高、质量好，且复杂结构易成型等特点正成为先进炸药装药技术研究的热点。本项目针对当前熔铸炸药增材成型过程中的挤出稳定性差、固化界面粘结强度弱的问题，通过理论建模、仿真模拟和实验相结合的方法，开展固液耦合型熔铸炸药的增材成型机理研究，基于固液混合相流体力学理论和微流道挤出实验，解析熔铸炸药药浆在内力/外力耦合作用下的非稳态挤出流变机制；基于简化液桥模型，阐明药浆的微流道挤出成丝原理；基于固化界面处微细观结晶仿真与追踪实验，剖析熔铸炸药成型界面的凝固结晶-扩散粘结动态演变机理，最终建立熔铸炸药的成型质量增强方法。本项目的研究成果可为多模毁伤/可控爆轰战斗部的高质量装药技术开发提供理论依据和技术支持。

It’s difficult for traditional explosive charge technology to meet the development demands of multimode destructive warhead due to the quality defects such as internal shrinkage porosity and crack, and the difficulty to manufacture complex and special-shaped structures. However, the additive manufacturing technology of melt-cast explosives based on the principle of fused deposition modeling becomes the research hotspot of advanced explosive charge technology due to its characteristics of high precision, good quality, and easy formation of complex structure. Aiming at the problems of poor extrusion stability and weak bonding strength of the solidification interface during the current additive molding process of melt-cast explosives, a combined theoretical modeling, numerical simulation and experimental approach is used in this project to investigate the molding mechanism of solid-liquid coupled melt-cast explosives. Based on the theory of solid-liquid mixed phase hydrodynamics and micro-channel extrusion experiments, the unsteady extrusion rheological mechanism of melt-cast explosive slurry under the coupling action of internal force/external force will be analyzed. Based on the simplified liquid bridge model, the principle of micro-channel extrusion into filaments can be explained. Based on the microscopic crystallization simulation and the tracking experiment at the solidification interface, the dynamic evolution mechanism of crystallization-diffusion bonding of the melt-cast explosive molding interface will be revealed, and finally the molding quality enhancement method of the melt-cast explosive can be established. The research results of this project can provide theoretical basis and technical support for the development of high-quality charge technology of multimode damage/controllable detonation warheads.