超临界水中废旧锂离子电池正极金属材料溶解特性及其热-反应协同优化研究

基于超临界水在资源回收利用中具有绿色、高效、短流程的显著优势，本项目以锂离子电池正极金属材料为研究对象，研究超临界水操作参数对正极金属材料溶解特性影响规律，同时剖析正极金属材料在超临界水中的复杂溶解行为及其热力学机理；然后，采用经验与半经验模型、状态方程、响应面分析方法建立超临界水操作参数与金属材料溶解度间的关联模型，并通过实验验证筛选出最优溶解度模型；接着，研究有机物在超临界水中的氧化、还原反应对正极金属材料溶解特性的影响规律，为将来一体化去除正极材料中有机物杂质并高效回收有价金属奠定基础；最后，根据唯象理论，构建基于最小熵增原理的超临界水中正极金属材料溶解过程的热-反应多场协同数学模型，实现多工况条件下的超临界水中溶解特性的多场协同优化。项目研究成果将为超临界水高效绿色回收废旧锂离子电池有价金属提供理论基础，也可以为超临界水绿色回收其他电子废弃物中有价金属提供理论参考依据。

Supercritical water has significant advantages in resource recovery and utilization, such as low environmental pollution, high efficiency and short process. Using the metallic cathode materials of spent lithium ion batteries as the research subject, this project will study the effect of supercritical water operation parameters on the dissolution characteristics of metallic cathode materials, and analyze the complex behavior of supercritical water dissolution of metallic cathode materials and its thermodynamic mechanisms. Then, empirical and semi-empirical models, equations of state, and a response surface analysis method will be used to build the correlation model between the operating parameters of supercritical water and the solubility of metal materials. Then, the effect of the oxidation and reduction reaction of organic matter in supercritical water on the dissolution characteristics of metallic cathode materials will be studied, which will lay a foundation for the integrated process including removal of organic matter impurities in the cathodes and the efficient recovery of valuable metals in the future. Finally, based on the theory of phenomenology and the principle of minimum entropy production, a mathematical model of the heat-reaction field coordination of the metal materials dissolution in supercritical water will be built. The multi-field collaborative optimization of dissolution characteristics in supercritical water under multi-working conditions will be realized. The project results will provide a theoretical basis for the efficient and green recovery of valuable metals from spent lithium ion batteries and other electronic wastes by supercritical water.