（002）取向石墨化碳材料的制备及其储钾性能

石墨与钾离子可以形成KC8插层化合物，储钾比容量为279mAh/g，是具有潜力的钾离子电池负极材料。最近，申请人制备的（002）晶面取向的石墨化碳纳米棒，具有更多的晶面边界插层位点，发现其与石墨有接近的低嵌钾电位、快速的离子传输速率和长循环寿命 (Angew. Chem Int. Ed.)。本项目旨在拓展高温水热、熔盐热体系，通过调控（002）晶面取向制备不同维度、尺寸的石墨化碳材料提升钾离子储存性能。拟改变温度、压力、酸碱度、溶质等参数来调控水热反应体系；拟调整无机盐组分、催化诱导剂等参数设计熔盐体系的热分解或化学反应；总结高温水热、熔盐热反应规律，促进（002）晶面取向生长，制备一维、二维或三维的高取向石墨化碳材料。结合电化学测试、原位／非原位表征技术分析不同维度、尺寸的石墨化碳材料的储钾机制，兼顾比容量、电压平台、倍率性能和循环寿命。筛选几种负极材料探索组装全电池。

Graphite and potassium ions can form a KC8 intercalation compound with a specific capacity of 279 mAh/g, which is considered as a potential anode material for potassium ion batteries . Recently, the applicant prepared graphitic carbon nanorods with (002) crystal plane orientation, which expose more crystal plane boundary sites for intercalation , exhibit low potential close to the value for potassium ions inserting into graphite, fast ions transport and long-term stability (Angew. Chem Int. Ed.). This project aims to expand the high-temperature hydrothermal and molten-salt thermal systems and adjust the (002) crystal plane orientation to fabricate graphitic carbon materials of different dimensions and sizes. It is planned to adjust the hydrothermal reaction system by changing parameters such as temperature, pressure, pH, solute, etc .; to adjust the parameters of the inorganic salt composition, catalytic inducer and other parameters to design the thermal decomposition or chemical reaction in the molten-salt system; to summarize the regular patterns of the high temperature hydrothermal and molten-salt heat and promote the (002) crystal plane orientation growth to prepare one-, two-, or three-dimensional graphitic carbon materials. Combined with electrochemical tests and in-situ/ex-situ characterizations to analyze the potassium storage mechanism of graphitic carbon materials with different dimensions and sizes, taking into account specific capacity, voltage platform, rate performance and cycle life. Selecting several anode materials to explore the assembly of full batteries.