单取代第13和14族元素化合物的合成与反应性研究

低价态主族元素化合物是目前金属有机化学研究的热点之一，这是由于这些化合物在小分子活化和金属有机催化方面都具有重要的应用价值。目前报道的第13和14族元素化合物的配位数一般大于或等于二。而对于单取代第13和14族元素化合物的研究则很少。鉴于此，申请人计划合成新型的大位阻配体来尝试合成单取代的第13和14族元素化合物。通过谱学表征和理论计算详细地研究它们的分子结构和电子结构。由于元素中心具有极低的配位数，它们应当具有和高配位数的化合物不同的反应活性。进一步我们将研究它们和不饱和小分子（烯烃、炔烃、羰基化合物和叠氮化合物等）、元素单质（P4, S8和O2等）以及含Y–H（Y = H, B, Si和Sn等）结构单元的分子的反应性。通过反应性的研究，加深对化合物的性质认识，建立主族元素参与的小分子活化的反应模式。

Low-valent main group element-based compounds are of great interest in contemporary organometallic chemistry due to their application in small molecular activation and catalysis. Until now, most of the reported Group 13 and 14 element compounds have a coordination number of 2 or more. Contrastingly, the monosubstituted Group 13 and 14 element compounds have been rarely investigated. Accordingly, this project will focus on the synthesis of the monosubstituted Group 13 and 14 element compounds by utilizing sterically encumbered ligands. Attributing to the low coordination number, these compounds are expected to have strikingly different reactivity in comparison with the known main group element compounds. Hence, the reactivity of the novel compounds toward unsaturated molecules (alkenes, alkynes and ketones, etc.), elementary substances (P4, S8 and O2, etc.) and Y-H bond (Y = H, B, Si and Sn, etc.) bearing compounds will be studied in detail, in order to have a better understanding of the monosubstituted compounds and reaction patterns in small molecular activation.