先锋转录因子FgSR调控禾谷镰刀菌致病和抗逆的分子机制

近年来，由于耕作制度改变和气候变化，赤霉病已经成为我国小麦主产区的重要病害，严重威胁小麦丰收和农产品质量安全。当前，由于缺乏高抗赤霉病的小麦品种，化学防治仍是赤霉病防控的一项重要措施；但化学药剂大量使用，导致了病菌抗（耐）药性问题。项目组前期解析赤霉病菌对三唑类药剂耐药性机制发现，先锋转录因子FgSR将染色质重塑复合体SWI/SNF招募至药靶基因FgCYP51s的启动子区，进而调控药靶基因高水平表达。进一步测定发现，除了调控三唑类药剂的耐药性之外，先锋转录因子FgSR在病菌抗逆和致病中发挥重要作用。在此基础上，本课题将深入解析FgSR招募SWI/SNF复合体调控赤霉病菌致病和抗逆的分子机制，阐述赤霉病菌致害机理。此外，由于FgSR是粪壳菌纲和锤舌菌纲真菌中特有的、控制病菌致病和抗逆的转录因子，本课题将解析FgSR的蛋白结构，设计和研发FgSR抑制剂，预期结果对赤霉病防控有重要意义。

In the last a few years, due to the changes in cultivar system and climate, wheat scab caused by Fusarium graminearum complex (Fg) has become a devastating disease in China, which threatens seriously the wheat production and safety. To date, chemical control is still an important strategy for management of this disease because of the lack of highly resistance wheat varieties. The extensive usage of fungicides however has led to the problem of fungicide resistance and tolerance. To explore the mechanism of Fg in tolerance to triazole fungicides, my group found that the pioneer transcription factor (named FgSR) recruits the chromatin remodeling complex SWI/SNF onto the promoters of FgCYP51s (the target genes of triazole fungicides), which leads to the high transcription levels of FgCYP51s. Furthermore, we found that FgSR plays critical roles in virulence and stress responses in Fg. In current study, we will further explpore how FgSR recruits the SWI/SNF complex to regulate pathogenesis and stress responses in Fg. In addition, because FgSR is a unique transcription factor in the fungi of Sordariomycetes and Leotiomycetes, that controls virulence and stress responses, this project will investigate the protein structure of FgSR, design and develop FgSR inhibitors. The expected results are of great significance for the development of novel method for management of wheat scab.