创新补贴、集群与企业创新

R&D补贴是最重要的产业政策之一，但关于企业层面的R&D补贴效应的研究结论不一。大量的研究表明集群能够促进企业创新，但却几乎没有文献在评估补贴政策时考虑到集群的影响。本课题基于企业补贴、企业财务数据、特征数据以及详细的专利数据(含引用)，研究了考虑集群时补贴对企业创新的影响。首先，在微观的企业层面研究了政府补贴对创新质量和探索性创新的影响。随后，基于TFP，我们分析了补贴对补贴企业的直接影响，以及对非受补贴企业的溢出效应。然后，从宏观视角探讨补贴如何影响本集群以及近邻集群的创新。最后研究了补贴如何影响产业集群和创新集群的变化。我们的研究将为鼓励企业的突破式创新，促进创新政策和产业政策的协调发展，促进区域经济发展，完善国家创新体系，提供理论和实证证据和政策建议。

R&D subsidies policy is one of the most important industrial policies for all countries. However, studies on firm-level evaluation of the treatment effect of R&D subsidies are inconclusive. Lots of studies have shown that clusters play an important role in firm innovation, but there’s almost no studies taking clusters into consideration in the evaluation of subsidies. Based on information on subsidies firm received, firm financial information, firm characteristics, and detailed patents data (including citation), we examine the effects of subsidies on firm innovation with consideration of the existence of clusters. Firstly, we study how subsidies will affect innovation quality and exploratory innovation at firm level. Based on TFP, we then analyze the direct effect of subsidies on beneficiaries and the spillover effects on non-beneficiaries at firm level. Next, we explore how subsidies play its role in clusters’ innovation and innovation of neighboring clusters. We also estimate the effects of subsidies on the changes of industrial clusters and innovation clusters. Our research provides theoretical and empirical evidence and specific guidance for policy makers to help them make and implement more effective and efficient policies to encourage firm’s radical innovation, to coordinate industrial policies and innovation policies, to promote regional economic development, and to improve national innovation system.