时速400km及以上高速列车制动摩擦材料的界面结构调控及摩擦匹配性能

高速化、轻量化和智能化己成为新一轮高速列车发展的必然趋势，锻钢制动盘的热裂是当前列车提速及安全制动的主要威胁之一。碳陶制动盘是时速400km及以上高速列车的首选制动盘，但摩擦副的制动性能不仅取决于制动材料本身的特性，更取决于摩擦界面特征演变与其温度和热机耦合应力的交互作用，以及材料的摩擦匹配性能。因此，本项目以碳陶制动盘配对铜基粉末冶金闸片摩擦副为研究对象，采用缩比实验、仿真模拟和台架考核相结合，开展400km/h及以上高速列车制动摩擦副的界面结构调控和摩擦匹配性能研究，基于摩擦学、力学和材料学相关理论，揭示闸片摩擦组元和润滑组元的高速制动协同作用机制，阐明热-力-流耦合作用下摩擦界面行为及微结构演变规律，建立制动摩擦材料的匹配准则，实现极端工况下制动摩擦材料性能上的突破。项目研究将丰富高速列车摩擦副的摩擦磨损机理，为其摩擦、磨损和噪声控制等提供理论依据，同时为其安全服役奠定应用研究基础。

High-speed, light-weight and intelligent have become the inevitable trend of the development of a new round of high-speed trains. The hot cracking of forged steel brake discs is one of the main threats to the current speed-up and safe braking of high-speed trains. Carbon fiber reinforced carbon and silicon carbide dual matrix composite (C/C-SiC) is a new generation of high performance brake materials after carbon/carbon composites, and it is well known that the C/C-SiC brake disc is the preferred brake discs for high-speed trains of 400km/h and above, but the braking performance of friction pairs depends not only on the characteristics of the brake material itself, but also on the interaction between the evolution of the friction interface characteristics and its temperature and thermomechanical coupling stress, as well as the friction matching properties of the material. Therefore, this project takes C/C-SiC brake disc paired with copper-based powder metallurgy brake pad friction pairs as the research object, and uses a combination of shrinkage experiment, simulation and bench evaluation to develop the interfacial structure regulation and tribological matching performance of friction pairs for high-speed trains of 400km/h and above. Based on the related theories of tribology, mechanics and materials science, the synergistic mechanism of high-speed braking of copper-based powder metallurgical friction components and lubrication components will be revealed. The friction interface behavior and microstructure evolution under the action of thermal-mechanical-fluid coupling will be clarified. The matching criteria and regulation mechanism of the brake system materials under different environmental and working conditions will be established. The performance of brake friction materials under extreme conditions will be achieved a breakthrough. The project research will enrich the friction and wear mechanism of high-speed train friction pairs, and provide a theoretical basis for their friction, wear and noise control, etc..Which will lay the foundation of application for the safe service of high-speed trains at speeds of 400km/h and above.