典型土壤中环境特征微-纳塑料迁移的机制研究

近年来，微塑料环境污染问题得到了各界广泛关注。其中，微-纳塑料在土壤多孔介质中的迁移和沉积行为是研究微-纳塑料环境效应的基础和关键科学问题。申请人前期研究发现，微-纳塑料在水环境中会发生团聚；共存人工纳米材料也会影响微-纳塑料在多孔介质中的迁移。但是，原有研究采用模式多孔介质石英砂和实验配水溶液进行实验，与真实的地球化学条件存在差异；研究的微-纳塑料主要采用商业化的球形聚苯乙烯微球，与环境特征的微-纳塑料差别较大。鉴于此，本项目拟选取不同特性的真实土壤作为填充柱的多孔介质，考察具有环境特征的微-纳塑料的迁移和沉积行为，探索介质特性和微-纳塑料特性中，何为影响微-纳塑料迁移和沉积的主要因素。本项目的实施，预期将为揭示微-纳塑料在多孔介质中的迁移规律和阐明影响微-纳塑料迁移机制提供依据，同时为预测具有环境特征的微-纳塑料在实际自然环境中的迁移提供基础数据。

The issue of micro- and nanoplastic pollution has drawn great attention in recent years. It is realized that the fate and transport of micro- and nanoplastic is the essential and key question to understand their environmental effect. The aggregation of nanoplastics in aquatic systems and the effect of copresent engineered nanoparticles (TiO2) on the transport of microplastics in packed quartz sand columns were investigated in our previous studies. Quartz sand was employed as model porous media and commercially sphere polystyrene particles was used as model micro- and nanoplastic. It is far different from the geochemistry process encountered by the micro- and nanoplastic in real environments. This project aims to explore the fate and transport of micro- and nanoplastics with environmental characteristics in typically real soils using packed columns. The core object is to investigate whether the soil properties or the micro- and nanoplastic properties are the main factor controlling the fate and transport of micro- and nanoplastics in porous media. This project aims to give information to predict the transport of micro- and nanoplastics in porous media and helps to illuminate the mechanisms dominating the transport process. The results of this project are helpful for assessing the environmental risk of micro- and nanoplastics.