自动驾驶系统诱发事故的人机交互问题研究

自动驾驶给社会带来舒适、高效等诸多便利的同时，重大安全隐患特别是接管中的人机交互问题已经成为重大事故新的来源。探究如何设计人机交互系统，有效引导驾驶员从无关任务中转移并迅速完成对环境的感知，帮助驾驶员合理做出决策并准确完成动作对道路安全来说格外重要。本项目主要关注问题是自动驾驶接管交互界面设计，拟通过问卷、驾驶模拟器与核磁相结合的方式展开，系统地对自动驾驶接管系统进行研究。主要集中探讨自动驾驶接管的提示内容、预留时间和方式，使用驾驶模拟行为实验的方式探究更安全、高效的交互界面设计方案，同时使用问卷和核磁数据提供心理和生理方面的支持。提出一套自动驾驶接管系统的设计方案，增加自动驾驶汽车的安全性和接受度，为设计更符合人体功效学的自动驾驶接管系统提供心理基础。研究成果能够为自动驾驶汽车的接管系统设计提供丰富的理论和实证依据，提高自动驾驶汽车的安全性，有利于自动驾驶的推广，加快国家交通系统的升级。

While automatic driving brings comfort, efficiency and many other benefits to the society, major safety hazards, especially the human-computer interaction problem in the process of take-over, has become a new source of serious accidents. Exploring how to design human-computer interaction systems is particularly important for road safety. A good system could effectively guide drivers to transfer their attention from irrelevant tasks to driving tasks including perceiving the surrounding environment rapidly. Thus, it helps drivers make reasonable decisions and accurately take control of vehicles. The main concern of this project is the design of the automated driving take-over interface. The project is planned to carry out researches through a combination of several research methods including questionnaire, driving simulator and functional magnetic resonance imaging. This project mainly focuses on the influence of different time budget, prompt content and prompt pattern of the automated driving take-over system on drivers’ driving performance. Driving simulator will be used in behavior experiments to explore a safe and efficient interface design. Questionnaires and functional magnetic resonance imaging data will be used to provide psychological and physiological support of the behavior experiments. A design scheme of the automated driving take-over system will be proposed. Additionally, it will help to increase road safety and the acceptance of automated driving vehicles, as well as providing a psychological basis for designing an ergonomic automated driving take-over system. The results of the project would provide abundant theoretical and empirical basis for the design of automated driving take-over systems, improve the safety of automated driving vehicles, facilitate the promotion of automated driving, and accelerate the upgrading of the national transportation.