基于培养组学和PacBio测序技术挖掘海洋真菌新类群与新资源

微生物资源具有重要的开发利用价值，是宝贵的国家战略资源。我国黄渤海是一个典型的半封闭边缘海，其生物资源一直是海洋科考工作的重点。尽管此前基于传统培养方法与二代高通量测序的研究显示该海域具有较高的真菌多样性，但由于分离技术单一、二代测序读长短的限制，目前从该海域仅获得有限的真菌多样性信息。为更加全面的认识黄渤海真菌资源与多样性，本研究拟通过培养组学技术，建立高效、快速的海洋真菌分离培养体系，预期获得更多的可培养真菌菌种；同时，拟结合PacBio三代测序技术获得全长SSU和ITS序列，构建系统发育树，深入挖掘真菌类群，尤其是早期分化类群。在此基础上，初步明确我国黄渤海真菌多样性、群落组成特点及其分布规律，为海洋真菌资源保护与利用提供参考数据。此外，本研究获得的真菌菌株可为后续开发利用提供宝贵菌种。

Microorganisms are valuable national strategic resource with an important value of utilization. The Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea are typical semi-closed marginal seas and the hot regions of marine scientific researches for exploring biological resources. Previous studies based on traditional culture methods and second-generation high-throughput sequencing have showed a high level of fungal diversity in this region. However, only limited information on fungal diversity has been obtained due to the simple and regular isolation approach and the short reads of second-generation sequencing. This study aims to develop an effective and fast marine fungi cultivation protocol using the culturomics method, to obtain more culturable fungal strains and species. In addition, PacBio sequencing will be used to obtain the whole region of the SSU and ITS sequences. Combining the culturable fungal data and the PacBio sequencing data, phylogenic analysis will be conducted to deeply delve fungal groups, especially the early divergence groups. On the basis of above data, fungal diversity, community composition and distribution in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea will be preliminarily determined, which will provide the reference data of marine fungal resources for their protection and utilization. Moreover, the fungal strains obtained in this study will be valuable for subsequent utilization.