miR827介导靶基因SPX-MFS1和lncRNA767调控磷信号通路影响玉米发育和产量的机制研究

玉米是世界重要的粮食作物，产量的提高是加强和完善我国粮食安全的保障，我国耕地有效磷不足限制了玉米的产量。MicroRNA(miRNA)作为基因的主要监管者，在平衡环境因素改良作物农艺性状方面具有广泛的应用前景。miR827具有功能保守性和物种间的特异性，但其在玉米中的调控机制仍不清楚。本项目前期研究发现miR827靶向调控玉米磷转运的基因，过表达miR827增加玉米植株高度、低磷耐受性、果穗和籽粒的大小；而抑制内源miR827则导致相反的结果，表明miR827具有调控玉米磷信号影响生长发育和产量的功能。本研究主要运用31P核磁共振分析miR827及靶基因转基因材料中胞质磷及液泡磷的变化、RNA FISH共定位和酵母回补验证和等手段，深入探索miR827及靶基因在调控玉米磷稳态中的功能，本项目将进一步揭示miR827调控玉米发育和产量的作用机制，对实现玉米耐低磷且高产性状的改良具有重要意义。

Maize(Zea mays L.) is an important food crop in the world, and the increase in its output is of great significance to strengthening and perfecting the construction of my country's food security system.Two-thirds of my country’s arable land is deficient in phosphorus, and phosphorus deficiency has become the main factor restricting maize production. MicroRNA (miRNA) is a small non-coding RNA. As the main regulator of genes, it can precisely regulate gene expression to achieve beneficial crop genetic improvement. There are very few studies on the function of miRNAs in maize, especially in terms of growth and development and improving yield. Recently, it has been found that miR827 has functional conservation and species specificity in other species, but its function is still unclear in maize. The preliminary results of this project found that overexpression of miR827 increased ears length, grain size and low phosphorus adaptability in maize. The homologous gene function of miR827 target was to regulate phosphorus transport, indicating that miR827 can regulating maize to adapt to phosphorus stress and increase yield. This project will further study the functions of miR827 and target genes in regulating phosphorus homeostasis, analyze the mechanism of regulating maize development and yield, which can provide theoretical basis and new ways for genetic improvement of crop traits.