电弱相变产生随机引力波相关的新物理研究

宇宙学一阶相变在粒子物理标准模型之外的许多情况下都得到了预测。它们可能与观测到的重子不对称性的产生或者暗物质的性质等有关。一阶相变产生的随机引力波可以成为探索新物理的重要工具之一，和对撞机实验观测工作相互补充。一阶相变引力波依赖于相变的具体细节和相关动力学。本项目研究电弱强一阶相变相关的新物理，具体包括：1）通过有限温量子场论研究电弱相变动力学机制，研究强一阶电弱相变条件的新物理模型依赖性；2）研究真空泡壁速度、相变强度的关系及其新物理模型关联性，进而研究新物理模型一阶相变所产生引力波强度的可探测性；3）研究通过宇宙早期一阶相变所产生的随机引力波来探测暗物质性质的可能性; 4) 通过对撞机信号和相变引力波协同研究能给出强一阶电弱相变的新物理模型参数。通过该项目的研究为未来对撞机寻找新物理和探测随机引力波的空间干涉仪实验等提供理论支持和预言。

Cosmological first-order phase transition, has been predicted in many beyond Standard model physics, which may highly relate with the observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe or dark matter, etc. Stochastic gravitational wave produced at the first-order phase transition can serve as one of the important tools to probe new physics, complementary with the collider searches. The stochastic gravitational wave from the phase transition relies on the details of the phase transition and the related dynamics. This proposal is to study the strongly first-order electroweak phase transition and the related new physics, contains: 1) With the finite temperature field theory, studying the electroweak phase transition dynamics and the model dependence of the strongly first-order phase transition condition; 2) Research on the relation among bubble velocity, phase transition strength, new physics models, and electroweak phase transition patterns. Therefore give more precise prediction on the strength of the produced gravitational wave; 3) Research on the possibility to study the property of dark matter particles with stochastic gravitational wave from the first-order phase transition at the early Universe; 4) Study the new physics parameters related with the strongly first-order electroweak phase transition with the collider signatures and gravitational wave studies. We expect to provide theoretical support and predictions for new physics search at future high-energy colliders and space-based gravitational wave detectors through the study of this proposal.