基于舰载相干测波雷达的舰船姿态预测方法研究

由于舰船海上作业难度大、航母舰载机起降危险系数高，高精度舰船短时姿态预测技术成为有效规避风险的重要手段。目前国内外主要基于船载惯导系统和X波段非相干测波雷达来实现姿态预测，但前者未考虑随机波浪的瞬态砰击，后者则需要定标且易受雨雾影响。波浪作为舰船姿态变化的驱动要素，海浪轨道运动与波面之间的关联机制、有限区域内波面的时空变化规律和起伏波面与舰船操纵运动间的内在耦合关联等科学问题还亟需深入解决。项目立足于自主研发的舰载相干测波雷达，优化抗舰船运动的风浪反演算法，构建水质点速度分布模型，高精度提取瞬态波面信息；推导波面可预测范围边界条件，构建波面短时预测模型，实现未来时空内的波面信息预测；结合某实船结构，建立基于预测波面信息驱动的舰船姿态短时预测模型，预测未来短时舰船姿态角序列。该成果可保障民船海上作业安全和航母舰载机起降安全，显著提高我国船舶智能化能力，在军民领域均具有极为重要的意义和价值。

Due to the difficulties of civil ship operations on the deck and the high risks of taking off or landing of aircraft carrier, short-term high-precision ship attitude prediction technology has become an important means to avoid risks effectively. At present, the main methods of attitude prediction are based on shipboard inertial navigation system and X-band incoherent radar in China and abroad, but the former does not consider the transient slamming of random waves, while the latter needs calibration and is vulnerable to rain and fog. As the driving factor of ship attitude change, the scientific problems such as the correlation mechanism between wave orbit motion and ocean surface, the temporal and spatial variation law of ocean surface in the limited area, and the internal coupling relationship between undulating ocean surface and ship maneuvering motion still need to be solved. Based on the self-developed shipboard coherent wave radar, this project will optimize the wind wave inversion algorithm against ship motion, construct the velocity distribution model of water particles, extract the transient ocean surface information with high accuracy; deduce the boundary conditions of the predictable range of the ocean surface, construct the short-term prediction model of ocean surface, and realize the prediction of ocean surface information in the future time and space; combined with a real ship structure, establish the prediction model based on the predicted ocean surface information. The research results will be applied to the existing shipboard full coherent wave radar, which can effectively guarantee the safety of civil ship operation at sea and the safety of aircraft carrier taking off or landing, and is of great significance in the military and civil fields.