NO驱动的Anammox生物脱氮路径与生物膜形成机制

基于厌氧氨氧化（Anammox）反应的污水生物脱氮工艺具有节能低耗的优势，但是产物中仍有NO3--N生成，且存在启动周期长的瓶颈问题。最新研究发现，以NO和NH4+-N为基质发生Anammox反应，可以实现完全脱氮，且NO参与多个涉及生物膜生长的代谢过程，具有缩短工艺启动周期的可能性。本项目提出以NO驱动Anammox反应强化生物脱氮与生物膜形成的研究思路，围绕NO对脱氮路径及微生物群体感应的影响机制等核心问题，拟探究NO作用下Anammox系统中的氮素转化路径和菌群互作机制，以及NO诱发群体感应行为对生物膜形成的调控机制，进一步通过功能菌群调控强化NO产生，构建高效稳定的NO驱动型Anammox污水生物脱氮工艺。本项目旨在为优化Anammox技术生物脱氮和加速工艺启动提供新的理论参考，为Anammox工艺提标增效奠定重要的理论基础和科学依据，符合我国对废水深度脱氮除磷的战略需求。

Biological wastewater treatment process based on Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) technology has the advantages of saving energy and consumption. However, NO3--N is the by-product of Anammox reaction. In addition, long start-up duration is also a bottleneck problem for Anammox process. Recently, it was discovered that NO and NH4+-N can be immediately used for Anammox reaction，and no nitrogen was remained in effluent. Moreover, NO participates in many metabolic processes involving the growth of biofilm, which has the potential of shortening the process start-up duration. To enhance biological nitrogen removal performance and promote biofilm formation, this project proposes the research idea of using NO to drive Anammox reaction. Focusing on the core issues such as nitrogen conversion pathway and microbial quorum sensing mechanism influenced by NO, this project plans to explore the nitrogen conversion pathway and microbial interaction mechanism in the Anammox system under the action of NO, and the regulation mechanism of NO-induced quorum sensing behavior on biofilm formation. Based on the above research, it plans to enrich the functional microorganisms and generate NO， and finally build an efficient and stable NO-driven Anammox nitrogen removal process. This project has three aims：(1) provide a new theoretical reference for optimizing biological nitrogen removal performance of Anammox technology; (2) provide new ideas for shortening the process start-up duration; (3) lay an important theoretical basis and scientific basis for Anammox process improvement, which conforms to China's strategic demand for advanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal from wastewater.