面向全光X射线显微镜的整体多毛细管X射线分光器设计、制造及其检测方法研究

开发一种简单、高效的X射线光学器件通过一次曝光便能获得多角度投影是实现高时空分辨X射线成像的关键和难点。2020年 Korecki.P团队所提出全光X射线显微镜（Plenoptic x-ray microscopy, PXRM）首次实现了一次曝光便可获得样品多角度数百至上千投影，但是其关键成像器件--组合式X射线分光器存在着投影重叠问题。针对此问题，本课题拟采用厚壁玻璃管或者实心玻璃棒与玻璃管周期排布两种方式拉制整体多毛细管X射线分光器替代Korecki.P团队所采用组合式X射线分光器。本课题将研究整体多毛细管X射线分光器参数与其分光性能之间的关系，完成器件参数设计、数学建模及模拟，探索其制造工艺，建立性能表征方法。基于整体多毛细管X射线分光器所搭建的PXRM不仅能够用于常规实验室X光源，还能够与高亮度的同步辐射光源、自由电子激光光源等结合，有望实现高时空分辨的X射线成像。

It is the key and difficult point of the development of high spatiotemporal resolution X-ray imaging technology to fabricate a simple and efficient X-ray optics that can obtain the multi-angle projections of the sample with one exposure. The plenoptic x-ray microscopy (PXRM) proposed by the Paweł Koreck in 2020 firstly realized capturing from hundreds to thousands of projections of the sample from multiple angles with a single exposure. However, its key imaging device-combined X-ray beam splitter can lead to the overlap of the projection. As for the problem mentioned above, thick-walled glass tube or solid glass rod and glass tube periodic arrangement was proposed in this project to fabricate the polycapillary X-ray beam splitter used to replace the combined beam splitter in the PXRM. This subject will study the relationship between the parameters of the polycapillary X-ray beam splitter and its performance, complete device parameter design, mathematical modeling and simulation, explore its manufacturing process, and establish performance characterization methods. The plenoptic x-ray microscopy based on the polycapillary X-ray beam splitter can not only be used for conventional laboratory X-ray sources, but also can be combined with high power X-ray source such as synchrotron radiation, free electron laser source, etc. that is expected to achieve high spatiotemporal resolution X-ray imaging.