半空间上方多尺度低空目标的高功率电磁耦合效应研究

高功率电磁脉冲对低空目标的干扰及毁伤严重威胁国家信息和工业技术安全，而低空目标的耦合效应作为其核心问题，难点在于耦合过程必须考虑半空间环境因素，包括对照射脉冲的影响、环境与目标的相互作用、目标耦合规律分析等。本项目以耦合作用过程为主线，从环境描述、机理分析、效应预测三个层面依次展开研究。针对典型分层半空间介质，分别采用解析和一维修正FDTD方法计算半空间反射波；针对低空目标结构的多尺度特点和所处环境的复杂性，提出一种半空间FDTD+DGTD混合计算方案，采用混合网格方法进行精确建模，设计一种回避半空间格林函数的半空间高效加源方式，实现低空目标耦合机理的高效分析；针对低空目标电磁耦合效应的多参数、非线性特点，提出一种基于机器学习的低空目标电磁耦合效应预测方法，采用智能曲线拟合中的进化多目标优化拟合算法，实现敏感电磁参量的预测与耦合规律的分析。研究成果可进一步完善复杂目标的电磁干扰理论与技术。

The interference and damage of high-power electromagnetic pulses to low-altitude targets seriously threaten the safety of national information and industrial technology, whose key problem is the coupling effect of low-altitude targets. The difficulty is that the coupling process must consider half-space environmental factors, including the impact to incident pulses, the environment interaction with targets, and impacts to coupling effect evaluation. This project performs in turn from three levels: environmental description, mechanism analysis, and effect evaluation. For typical layered half-space media, the analytical and 1D-MFDTD methods are used to calculate the half-space reflected waves. In view of the multiscale low-altitude targets and the complex electromagnetic environment, a half-space FDTD+DGTD hybrid scheme is proposed. The hybrid grid method is used for accurate modeling, and a half-space high efficiency that avoids the half-space Green's function is designed. The method of adding source realizes the efficient analysis of the coupling mechanism of low-altitude targets. Aiming at the multi-parameter and nonlinear characteristics of low-altitude target coupling effects, a comprehensive evaluation method based on machine learning is presented to predict sensitive electromagnetic parameters and analyze the coupling law. The research results can further improve the electromagnetic interference theory and technology of complex targets.