翘嘴鲌卵型变异的分子机制

解析动物在不同生态环境中性状变异的遗传机制，对加深我们对物种多样性的形成与环境适应的理解具有重要意义。漂流性卵的产生是鲤科鱼类东亚特有类群辐射适应进化中的关键革新特征，但其发生变异的分子机制尚不清楚。翘嘴鲌自然种群中存在黏性卵和漂流性卵的差异为鱼卵适应性进化研究提供了理想的模型。本项目将以不同水系卵型有差异的翘嘴鲌群体为研究对象，采用全基因组水平重测序技术，通过分子进化和群体基因组学分析，揭示翘嘴鲌群体的进化历史及基因流对卵型差异的影响，阐明不同卵型翘嘴鲌在基因组上的分化特征及受选择基因同环境适应和表型差异的关联，最后对与卵型差异有关的关键基因进行敲除验证，以期解析翘嘴鲌种内卵型差异与环境适应的分子机制。研究结果可为漂流性卵鱼类趋同进化的遗传学机制研究提供基础。

It is of great significance to elucidate the genetic basis of trait variation of animals in different ecological environments in order to deepen our understanding of species diversity and environmental adaptation. The occurrence of drifting eggs is a key character trait in the adaptive radiation of the East Asian Endemic Group of Cyprinids, but its molecular mechanism of this variation is unclear. The intraspecific variation of drifting eggs and adhesive eggs in the Culter alburnus populations provides an ideal model to study the adaptive evolution of eggs in fish. In present protect, we will perform whole genome resequencing for the Culter alburnus populations in different basin with variation in egg types. Using the methods of molecular evolution and population genomics, we attempt to reveal the evolutionary history and the effect of gene flow on egg-type variation, determine the differentiation features of different egg-type populations in the genome, correlate selected genes with environmental adaptation and phenotypic variation. With the functional validation of key gene knockout experiments, we aim to disclose the molecular mechanism of intraspecific variation of egg types and the adaptation to environment. The results can provide important insights into the genetic mechanism of convergent evolution for drifting eggs.