新型二维／三维双体系癌症研究模型的建立

癌症患者来源的原代肿瘤细胞二维（2D）培养技术长期以来存在效率低、存活差、难以长期稳定培养等一系列问题，是目前亟待解决的技术瓶颈。三维（3D）肿瘤类器官作为新型癌症研究模型具有独特的优势和巨大的潜力，但体外扩增速率较慢等问题尚待解决。本项目迎合问题导向和临床需求导向，目标是建立一个高效、长期、稳定、快速增殖和广谱性的结直肠癌患者来源的2D肿瘤细胞培养技术和3D气液界面肿瘤类器官培养技术，并保留其来源肿瘤组织的生物学特征和异质性特征。该技术体系的特色是充分结合并发挥2D和3D培养体系各自的优势，灵活选择运用，解决单独使用2D培养体系或3D培养体系时各自的局限性，开创一个新型的2D／3D双体系癌症研究模型，将解决癌症研究模型领域诸多尚未解决的技术瓶颈问题，实现技术和思路上的突破和创新。该技术平台将推动癌症的个性化治疗和精准治疗的探索和发展，促进基础研究成果向临床应用的转化。

Currently, it is still a great challenge for the stability, long-term culture and maintenance of 2D cancer cells derived from patients, due to the inefficient culture method available so far. 3D cancer organoids have emerged as powerful preclinical tumor model systems with unique advantages, as well as limitations to be improved. To address the challenges and limitations of current cancer models, and to meet clinical needs, it is necessary to develop a new cancer model. The objective of this research work is to establish a colorectal cancer patient-derived 2D cancer cell culture system and 3D air-liquid interface (ALI) cancer organoids culture system, which potentially present properties of highly efficiency, long-term, stability, robust proliferation and broad-spectrum. These cultured 2D cancer cells and ALI organoids faithfully recapitulate the histopathologic and molecular characteristics of the primary tumors. By effectively optimizing and flexibly utilizing the respective advantages of 2D and 3D cultural systems, the 2D&3D union culture system will definitely be a very powerful platform to address the limitations of using 2D culture system or 3D culture system alone. This novel 2D&3D union culture system will achieve breakthroughs and innovations in technology and theory. It will promote the exploration and development of personalized cancer treatment, and promote the transformation of basic research into clinical applications.